分子标记所揭示的人工合成小麦与推广品种杂交后代中出现的新变异  

New Variation Identified by SSR in a Wheat Variety Derived from Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat(Triticum durum×Aegilops tauschii)

作　　者：李俊[1] 魏会廷[1] 彭正松[2] 卢宝荣[3] 杨武云[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农科院作物研究所,四川成都610066 [2]西华师范大学生命科学院,四川南充637002 [3]复旦大学生物多样性研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2006年第5期529-533,共5页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30471061);国家863;国家科技攻关(2004BA525B03);科技部国际合作项目(No.2001CB711103);农业部948;四川省育种攻关;生物技术育种等项目资助

摘　　要：杂交和多倍化是小麦进化和遗传分化的重要途径,新变异的产生为人工选育小麦新品种提供了物质基础。本文选用了分布于小麦A、B、D基因组的92个SSR标记对硬粒小麦—节节麦人工合成小麦衍生材料川W5436(CW5436)及其双亲人工合成小麦Syn786(♀)和绵阳26(My26(♂))进行了遗传分析,结果表明:人工合成小麦的各等位基因并不是按孟德尔遗传的规律传递到后代中;川W5436与双亲比较在1个SSR位点上发生了川W5436所特有的新变异,主要表现在新型DNA片段的增加,即W5436出现了双亲不具有的特殊条带。表明人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交过程中通过人工选择的压力使双亲的遗传物质产生了偏态分离而且微卫星序列发生了改变。本文对杂交转育中SSR位点遗传分化在小麦进化中的作用等问题进行了讨论。Hybridization and polyploidization are important ways for wheat to cw）lve and to genetically differentiate. Ninety two simple sequence repeat （SSR） molecular markers, which distributed in A, B, and D genomes, were used to perform genetic comparison between Chuan-W5436 （CW5436）, a new wheat variety, and its parents, synthetic hexaploid wheat Syn786 （ ♀） and common wheat Mianyang 26 （My26） （ ♂）. The results indicated that alleles were not genetically transmitted from parents （ Syn786 （ ♀ ） crossed （My26） （♂） ） to the progeny CW5436 as Mendelian proportions. A new variation on a SSR molecular marker loci with novel additive bands was observed in CW5436 but not found in its parents. It suggested that artificial selective stress was an important factor to promote the frequency of significant deviations of the expected allele, resulting in microsatellite sequences of the progeny changed. The affect of the genetic differentiation of SSR molecular marker loci that occurred in wheat crosses and gent transfer on the genetic evolultion of wheat was discussed.

关 键 词：人工合成小麦 多倍化 选择压 微卫星DNA 遗传分化 变异 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]