几种新型复合肥对基质栽培生菜品质的影响  

Effects of several new-type compound fertilizers on the quality of romaine lettuce cultivated soillessly

作　　者：李会合[1] 叶学见[2] 王正银[2] 杨苓彬[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆文理学院生命科学系,重庆402168 [2]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2006年第4期98-101,共4页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：重庆市科委攻关项目(2000-6208)资助

摘　　要：以珍珠岩、煤渣、河沙混合物为培养基质,采用盆栽方法研究了3种新型复合肥即生物复合肥、有机无机复合肥、全有机复合肥对生菜产量、硝酸盐含量、重金属含量和营养品质的影响。结果表明,生菜产量以有机无机复合肥>生物复合肥>对照(无机营养液)>全有机复合肥,处理间差异极显著。不同处理生菜硝酸盐含量为1375～3935mg/kg,以无机营养液最高,有机无机复合肥最低,3种新型复合肥较对照生菜硝酸盐含量降低37.9%～72.5%。生菜中Hg、Pb、Cr含量,除全有机复合肥处理Hg含量(0.0101mg/kg)和对照处理Pb含量(0.235mg/kg)略超标外,其余各处理3种重金属含量低于限量值且较对照降低20.8%～83.1%。复合肥各处理生菜中的Hg、Pb、Cr累积量分别占肥料总量的11.1%～63.0%、38.2%～78.7%和10.9%～53.5%。施用复合肥明显提高生菜可溶性糖和Vc含量,但对氨基酸含量的影响不一致。A pot culture with the soil-less medium, i.e. the mixture of three solid materials （ pearlite： coal cinder＂ sand = 0：100：190）, was conducted to study the effects of three new-type compound fertilizers on the yield, the contents of nitrate, heavy metal and nutrient quality of romaine lettuce. Results indicate that the yields of romaine lettuce under different treatments vary significantly and the fertilizers is in the order of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer〉 bio-compound fertilizer〉 inorganic nutrient solution （check） 〉organic compound fertilizer according to the yield of lettuce with different fertilization. The contents of nitrate of romaine lettuce range from 1375 mg/kg to 3935mg/kg and the maximum of nitrate appears in the check and the minimum in the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer treatment. Three compound fertilizers can reduce the nitrate contents of romaine lettuce by 37.9 96 - 72.5 96 as compared with the check. Contents of Hg, Pb and Cr in romaine lettuce under three compound fertilizer treatments are lower than GB （the national limit indices of China） and reduced by 20.8 96 --83.196 as compared with the check. Total accumulations of Hg, Pb, and Cr in romaine lettuce account for 11.1% -- 63.0 96,38.2 96 - 78.7 % and 10.9 96 - 53.5 96, respectively, under the compound fertilizer treatments. Applying compound fertilizer can obviously improve soluble sugar and Vc contents, but a different effect on the con- tent of amino acid in romaine lettuce is observed.

关 键 词：新型复合肥 生菜 硝酸盐 重金属 营养品质 

分 类 号：S144[农业科学—肥料学]