五氯酚生物降解机理与外生菌根真菌对五氯酚可降解性  

The mechanisms of PCP biodegradation and the capacity for PCP degradated by ECMF

作　　者：黄艺[1] 敖晓兰[1] 赵曦[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境学院,北京100871

出　　处：《生态环境》2006年第5期1080-1085,共6页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家自然科学基金探索项目(20477001)

摘　　要：五氯酚是氯酚族中最具毒性和最难降解的有机污染物。不同种类的微生物由于其降解污染物的生化机制不同,使得五氯酚的降解途径多样化。文章通过综述好氧与厌氧微生物降解五氯酚的降解菌和降解途径,认为五氯酚首先通过脱氯转化为低氯代化合物后再开环,因此脱氯就成为五氯酚降解的关键步骤。参与脱氯的关键酶系主要包括过氧化物酶和酚氧化酶。外生菌根真菌可降解多种难降解有机污染物,并具有生成过氧化物酶和酚氧化酶的机制,因此外生菌根真菌具有降解五氯酚的潜力与优势。这些信息将为进一步开展五氯酚生物降解机理研究,应用微生物—植物复合系统修复污染土壤提供基础。Pentachlorophenol （PCP） is one of the most toxic organic pollutants that are difficult to degrade in chloropenoxies. Different microorganism has different biochemical mechanism which lead to a variety of pathways for PCP degradation. This paper reviews pathways of aerobic and anaerobic microbiological degradation of PCP. It can be concluded that reductively dechlorination prior to ring cleavage plays a key role in mineralization of PCP. Peroxidases and phenol oxidases are the key enzymes in this process. Furthermore, based on the review of the ECMF＇s enzymes system, it can be presumed that PCP might be degraded by ECMF with the ability of transforming organic pollutants and special enzymes. The paper may provide fundamental information for further research on biodegradation of PCP by ECMF.

关 键 词：五氯酚 生物降解 酶 外生菌根真菌 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]