黄河上游玛曲生态系统服务价值的估算和生态环境管理的政策设计  

The Valuation of Ecosystem Services and the Design of Policies on Ecological Management in Maqu County in the Upper Reaches of Yellow River

作　　者：牛叔文[1] 曾明明[1] 刘正广[1] 吴文恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2006年第6期79-84,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家软科学项目"黄河上游水资源与生态环境保护及建设研究"(2003DGS3B039)资助

摘　　要：黄河上游玛曲草地生态系统的保护对整个黄河流域的生态安全意义重大。本文参考Costanza等人提出的方法和谢高地等人的研究成果估算了玛曲的生态系统服务价值,结果为96.25亿元/年,远高于经济产品1.93亿元/年的现价。基于草地资源可持续利用和牧民生活水平不断改善的要求,提出了以改变超载过牧为目标、以生态补偿为核心内容的草地生态系统管理的政策设计,生态补偿的标准应不少于0.93亿元/年。生态环境管理的政策内容主要包括:产业开发和产业转型、生态移民和牧民定居、草场管理、技术推广以及控制人口过快增长和促进社会进步等。It is significant for ecological safety of the entire Yellow River basin to protect grassland ecosystem in Maqu County. The value of Ecosystem Services in Maqu County was calculated according to the Costanza＇s methods and researching achievements of Xie Gaodi et at, which is 9.625×10^9 yuan/a and far higher than the current value of its economical products of 1.93×10^8 yuan/a. Based on requirement of sustainable use of grassland resources and improvement of people＇s life level, the policy design on management of grassland ecosystem with ecological compensation as key was put forward. The amount of ecological compensation should not be less than 0.93×10^8 yuan/a. The policy contents of ecological management should include that industrial development and industrial restructuring, ecological emigration and herdsmen settlement, grazing management, technology popularizing, the control of population growth and promoting social progress.

关 键 词：NPP生态系统服务价值 经济产品 政策设计 玛曲 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]