苯职业暴露人群遗传损伤效应的标志物研究  

Study on Effective Biomarkers of Genetic Damage in Occupationally Benzene Exposed Workers

作　　者：徐国彬[1] 陆建华[1] 周建华[2] 朱祥荣[1] 乔淼[1] 于旭东[1] 

机构地区：[1]靖江市卫生监督所,江苏靖江214500 [2]苏州大学放射医学与公共卫生学院,江苏苏州215007

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2006年第6期342-347,共6页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：江苏省社会发展项目(BS20001050)

摘　　要：目的探讨苯对职业暴露人群的遗传损伤作用及效应标志物。方法将苯作业工人按累积浓度、8小时时间加权平均浓度(8 h-TWA)、工龄等分组,应用血常规检测、单细胞凝胶电泳(彗星试验)、染色体畸变实验,评价苯职业暴露人群和对照人群外周血淋巴细胞DNA和染色体损伤水平,分析其影响因素,并对遗传损伤的检测方法进行比较。结果接触组工人DNA断裂程度、DNA彗星尾长[lg(尾长+1)]及染色体畸变细胞率3个参数按累积浓度、8 h-TWA计算,均明显高于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.01),并有明显的剂量-反应关系(相关系数分别为r=0.510,r=0.594,r=0.516,均为P<0.01)。按苯职业接触工龄,将60名工人分成3组,即0.5~、12~和22^(a)工龄组,校正了年龄、性别、吸烟水平后,外周血淋巴细胞彗星细胞率(分别为23.7%,31.2%,46.8%)、彗星尾长[分别为(18.12±2.96),(15.18±6.38),(16.32±6.60)μm],有随着苯接触工龄的增加而增加的趋势。性别、吸烟等因素对遗传物质的损伤有干扰。彗星试验的检测指标与血常规检测指标间有明显的相关关系(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论苯可引起遗传物质的损伤,彗星试验对环境致变物的检测是敏感和实用的。Objective To probe into the genetic damage and the effective biomarkers in those occupationally benzene exposed workers. Methods Blood analyses and alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay（Comet assay）and Chromosome aberration test were used to indicate the genetic damage. The workers were divided into different groups by levels of accumulative exposure, the eight-hour time weighted average （8 h-TWA）and the working age. Personal information including occupation history, age, smoking and drinking status was collected by questionnaire. Results The grade of DNA breakage, the tail length of Comet assay, the rate of chromosome aberration and levels of accumulative exposure, TWA were significantly higher in lymphocytes of exposed workers compared with matched controls（P〈0.01）. The dose-response relationship was significant in above three benzene concentrations（r=0. 510, r=0. 594, r=0. 516）. According to the time of exposure, 60 workers were classified into 3 groups i. e. 0.5 yrs～, 12 yrs～ and 22 yrs～group, the rate of comet cell（23.7%, 31.2%, 46.8%）and the tall length of Comet assay[（8.12±2. 96）, （15.18±6.38）, （16.32±6.60）μm]show rising tendency with the increase time of exposure after adjusting the age, sex, and smoking. Conclusions Occupational benzene exposure might result in certain genetic damage. Cornel assay is a sensitive and more convenient detection method to detect DNA damage induced by benzene in human lymphoeytes. It may be a useful tool for bio-monitoring, particularly for the analysis and identification of environmental mutagens and carcinogens.

关 键 词：苯 生物标志物 单细胞凝胶电泳 染色体畸变 

分 类 号：R135.12[医药卫生—劳动卫生]