新生儿颅内出血临床流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on Clinical Epidemic Features of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Newborn

作　　者：娄丹[1] 王萍[2] 孙春阳[1] 杨慧敏[3] 张静[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,武汉430030 [2]河南科技大学公共卫生教研室,洛阳471003 [3]河南科技大学第一附属医院儿科,洛阳471003

出　　处：《医学与社会》2006年第11期16-18,共3页Medicine and Society

摘　　要：目的探讨新生儿颅内出血临床流行病学特点,为其干预提供参考依据。方法使用自拟“新生儿颅内出血相关因素调查表”,回顾性调查河南省某三甲医院近1年收治的新生儿颅内出血病例,并进行描述性分析。结果在102例新生儿颅内出血患儿中,母亲孕期患病者占80.39%,其中79.17%为产科疾病;产前检查次数小于3次的75.49%;51.96%为早产儿,46.08%为低出生体重,31.37%为剖宫产,使用产钳和胎头吸引和臀牵引者占30.67%;54.90%发生羊水污染,63.73%患儿出生时有窒息。新生儿前3位疾病依次为肺部疾病、新生儿出血症和新生儿黄疸;单纯的蛛网膜下腔出血占全部病例63.73%,多灶性出血占29.41%。结论新生儿颅内出血与母亲孕期患病情况、新生儿早产、低体重、分娩方式、窒息及肺部疾病等因素有关。应加强孕产期及新生儿期保健工作,预防新生儿颅内出血的发生。Objective Probe into the clinical epidemic features of intracranial hemorrhage in newborn, for offering clinical work reference basis. Methods Use self-made questionnaire of intracranial hemorrhage in newborn, through review the annual case of intracranial hemorrhage in newborn from a third level hospital in Hunan province, proceeding with descriptive analysis. Results Within 102 cases of intracranial hemorrhage in newborn, mother duration of pregnancy sufferer occupied 80.39%, there were 79. 17% cases were obstetrical disease; prenatal examination frequency less than 3 occupied 75.49%; premature infants occupied 51.96%; 46.08% infants were low birth weight ratio; caesarean section occupied 31.37%; use cephalotracter and pulling tools of fetal head and stern tractor occupied 30. 67%; occurred amniotic fluid pollution ratio 54. 90%; occurred asphyxiation in newborn ratio 63.73%; the most of three newborn diseases were pulmonary disease, hemorrhagic disease and neonatal jaundice; simple subarachnoid hemorrhage occupied 63.73% in total cases, multiple focal hemorrhage occupied 29.41%. Conclusion Intracranial hemorrhage in newborn relates to the health status of mother duration of pregnancy, neonatal premature delivery, low birth weight ratio, delivery mode, asphyxia and pulmonary disease etc. We should enhance the healthcare works during the confinement and newborn period, in order to prevent intracranial hemorrhage occurred in newborns.

关 键 词：新生儿 颅内出血 临床流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R722.15[医药卫生—儿科]