四倍体太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas Thunberg)自群繁殖的研究  

AGGREGATION REPRODUCTION IN TETRAPLOID PACIFIC OYSTER,CRASSOSTREA GIGSA THUNBERG

作　　者：施坤涛[1] 王昭萍[1] 于瑞海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2006年第4期94-100,共7页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：863项目(2004AA603820)资助

摘　　要：2004年7～8月．利用诱导的1龄四倍体太平洋牡蛎做亲本，通过解剖取卵、人工受精的方法进行四倍体的自群繁殖。结果表明四倍体太平洋牡蛎自群繁殖的受精率为95．54％．孵化率为37．38％。采用同一雌体四倍体牡蛎与二倍体雄贝杂交产生的三倍体组（TD）的受精率为85．19％．孵化率为99．9％．而以二倍体做母本、四倍体做父本的杂交组（DT）的受精率为98．73％，孵化率为87．63％，二倍体对照组的受精率为96．39％，孵化率为99．9%。四倍体牡蛎经自群繁殖培育出稚贝1130粒。经流式细胞仪分析。四倍体太平洋牡蛎幼虫和稚贝的四倍体率均达到100％。幼虫培育过程中，从孵化出D-形幼虫到出现眼点，幼虫的成活率这11．86%，眼点幼虫的变态率高速16．1％。实验证明四倍体太平洋牡蛎可以进行自群繁殖，比诱导的方法简单高效。The study used one-year-old Tetraploid Pacific Oysters which were induced as parent shellfish ovum pick-up and carried out Tetraploid aggregation reproduction by from July to August of 2004. The study indicated that Tetraploid Pacific Oyster groups of breed fertilizeation rate averages 95.54% ,and the hatching rate averages 37.38%. The hybridization groups （TD） which used the same female shellfish was 85.19% in fertilization rate and 99. 9% in hatching rate. Another hybridization group was 98.73% in fertilization rate and 87. 63 % in hatching rate. For diploid contrast groups the fertilization rate averages 96.390% ,and the hatching rate averages 99.9%. The total number of Tetraploid spat obtained from TT groups was 1,130. Flow cytometry was used to verify the ploidy composition of Tetraploid oyster and the Tetraploid rate of Pacific oyster larva and spat was up to 100%. The larva formed in the course, from hatching D-shaped larva to the eye-spot larva , the survival rate of the larvae was 11.86 %, the metamorphosed rate was 16.10%. The experiment verified the at aggregation reproduction in Tetraploid Pacific Oyster is feasible. The method is simpler and extremely high-efficient than induction.

关 键 词：太平洋牡蛎 四倍体 自群繁殖 流式细胞术 

分 类 号：S944.41[农业科学—水产养殖] S961.2[农业科学—水产科学]