一种风险驱动的迭代开发需求优先级排序方法  

A Risk-Driven Method for Prioritizing Requirements in Iteration Development

作　　者：黄蒙[1,2] 舒风笛[1] 李明树[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院软件研究所互联网软件技术实验室 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]计算机科学重点实验室(中国科学院软件研究所),北京100080

出　　处：《软件学报》2006年第12期2450-2460,共11页Journal of Software

基　　金：国家自然科学基金Nos.60273026;60573082;国家高技术研究发展计划(863)No.2005AA113140~~

摘　　要：需求优先级排序是指系统参与者为需求指定实现的优先次序,是迭代开发过程中开发者制定项目迭代计划的基础.现存的需求优先级排序方法对系统参与者之间的协商和调整优先级的支持能力不足,导致根据需求优先级所制定的迭代计划难以作出符合需求变更和环境改变的调整.提出一种风险驱动的需求优先级自适应排序方法.该方法将自适应计划方法学与风险驱动相结合,将风险作为排序决策的依据,以自适应的过程为迭代开发排序需求优先级.该方法能够改善需求优先级排序过程中系统参与者之间的协商和调整需求优先级的能力,增强在迭代开发中对需求的控制,降低因需求导致项目失败的可能性.Prioritizing requirements priority is the action that stakeholders assign the orders of requirements to be implemented. It is the basement of the iteration plan. Existent methods of prioritizing requirements are inadequate to support stakeholders＇ negotiation or the adjustment of requirements＇ priorities. These shortages always lead to a rigid iteration plan that is difficult to be adjusted to adapt changes of requirements and environments. In this paper, a risk-driven adaptive method is put forward for prioritizing requirements which combines adaptive planning and risk-driven methodologies. Requirements are prioritized adaptively, and risks are used as the foundation of priorities decisions. The negotiability and adjustability of requirements priorities can be enhanced by the method. The negotiable and adjustable requirements priorities improve the developers＇ capability of controlling requirements and reduce the faults of software project caused by requirements.

关 键 词：需求优先级 需求协商 迭代开发 自适应计划 风险 

分 类 号：TP273.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]