评估动物栖息地适宜性的两种方法比较:以大相岭山系大熊猫种群为例  

Comparison of two evaluation methods on wild animal habitat suitability: A case study of Ailuropoda melanoleuca in Daxiangling Mountains.

作　　者：张文广[1] 唐中海[1] 齐敦武[1] 胡远满[2] 胡锦矗[1] 白丹 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所,南充637002 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [3]沈阳市第36中学,沈阳110016

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2006年第12期1465-1469,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30170148);世界野生动物基金(WWF)资助项目(CN0865.01)。

摘　　要：采用景观因素赋值法(方法Ⅰ)和主成分分析法(方法Ⅱ)对大相岭山系大熊猫栖息地进行评价,结果表明,方法Ⅰ的结果中中等适宜、适宜等级和最适宜等级所占的面积分别为94.62、45.46和0.21 km2,分别占总面积的4.17%、2.00%和0.01%;而方法Ⅱ的结果中,中等适宜和适宜等级所占的面积分别为623.03和170.27 km2,分别占总面积的27.49%和7.51%。结合实际调查数据和景观因素,发现2种方法均能对大相岭山系大熊猫生境进行评价,但差异较大。方法Ⅰ评判因素较少,各因素所占比重较大,因素对整个评价结果影响很大,评价结果不精确,但所需人力、物力较少;方法Ⅱ所需评判因素较多,野外搜集所需资料困难,累计贡献率很难达到95%,而且需要大量的人力、物力。因此,为了减少评估误差,应将2种方法结合对动物生境进行评估。In this paper, landscape elements evaluation （method Ⅰ） and principle components analysis （method Ⅱ） were used to evaluate the habitat suitability of giant panda （ Ailuropoda melanoleuca ） in Daxiangling Mountains. With method Ⅰ, the moderate suitable, suitable, and most suitable areas occupied 94.62, 45.46, and 0.21 km^2, accounting for 4, 17%, 2, 00%, and 0.01% of the total area, while with method Ⅱ, the moderate suitable and suitable areas occupied 623.03 and 170.27 km^2, accounting for 27.49 % and 7.51% of the total area, respectively, Both of the two methods could be used to evaluate the habitat of A, melanoleuca in Daxiangling Mountains, but there was a greater difference between the results. Method I needed less money and manpower, but the result was not very accurate, because fewer factors were considered in the evaluation process, which led to the more contribution of one factor to the whole evaluation. Method II needed more money and manpower, and it was very difficult to collect all the necessary data to reach 95 % of accumulated contribution. These two methods should be integrated together to decrease the error in the evaluation of wild animal habitat suitability.

关 键 词：大熊猫 栖息地 适宜性评价 大相岭山系 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]