论拓跋鲜卑之得名  

The Origin of the Name of Tuoba (To'pa) Xianbei

作　　者：罗新[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中古史研究中心,副教授100871

出　　处：《历史研究》2006年第6期32-48,共17页Historical Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地北京大学古代史研究中心"中古国家体制与内亚民族传统互动研究"课题成果之一

摘　　要：拓跋一词和鄂尔浑突厥碑铭中的tabγa一词,都是对同一个北族名号的音译,这个北族名号原来是由两个词联合构成的复合词。其性质及两个部分的功能,与魏晋时期鲜卑诸部的名称有共同的文化历史背景。魏晋鲜卑诸部得名所自的那些部族领袖,都处于该部族由部落联盟向酋邦或原始国家跃进的历史转折时期。草原上鲜卑诸部久已积蓄的政治能量,转化为鲜卑部族政治体发育和演化的强大动力,从一个方面决定了东汉至北朝中国北方的历史面貌。The term Tuoba, as well as the word tabghatch in the Orkhon Turkic inscriptions, is a sound transcription of the name of a northern ethnic group, which, in their own language, was a complex composed of two words or titles. This complex and the function of each part share the same cultural and historical background as the names of other Xianbei groupings during the Wei and Jin period. The grouping leaders after whom the groupings were named during that period all ruled during a time when the tribal federation was being transformed into a chiefdom or primitive form of state. The political dynamics that had accumulated over a long period on the steppes provided a strong driving force for the development and evolution of the Xianbei groupings as a political body. This played a role in the history of North China during the period between the Later Han and the Northern Dynasties.

关 键 词：鲜卑 拓跋 官号 名号 政治发育 

分 类 号：K239.21[历史地理—历史学]