腐殖质在环境污染物生物降解中的作用研究进展  

Recent Development in Effects of the Humic Substances on the Biodegradation of Priority Pollutants in Envionment

作　　者：许志诚[1,2] 罗微[1] 洪义国[3] 许玫英[3] 孙国萍[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 [2]广东省微生物研究所广东省菌种保藏与应用重点实验室广州510070 [3]广东省微生物研究所广东省菌种保藏与应用重点实验室

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2006年第6期122-127,共6页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家"863计划"(No.2003AA214040);国家自然科学基金(No.30500009);广东省自然科学基金项目(No.015017;05100365);广东省科技项目(No.2003B40403)

摘　　要：腐殖质物质在地球的生态环境中大量存在,它不仅可以在有毒化合物的生物降解和生物转化过程中起到氧化还原中间体的作用,加速有毒物质的降解和转化。也可以作为唯一末端电子受体,接受来自一些有机酸或者甲苯等环境中有毒物质提供的电子,偶联能量的产生,支持菌体的生长,形成一种新的细菌厌氧呼吸形式——腐殖质呼吸。因此,对腐殖质在环境有毒物质的生物降解和生物转化过程中的作用进行研究,不仅对于深入理解细菌呼吸的本质具有重要的理论意义,而且对于环境有毒物质的降解和转化以及元素的生物地球化学循环具有重要的生态学意义,同时对地球表面的有毒物质进行更有效的生物降解具有重要的现实意义。The humic substance are ubiquitous in the biosphere and can be readily isolated from nearly all soil, waters, and sediments. It is not only as redox mediator in biotransformation of the noxious or innoxious compounds, but also it can accept the electron from some organic acids or poisonous compounds （ e. g. , toluene. etc） as the sole electron acceptor, coupled the energy production for cell growth, which is named humus respiration. At the same time, noxious compounds are degraded. So the research in effects of the humic substances on the anaerobic biotransformation of priority pollutants has the important environmental and biotechnological significance because this type of biochemical reactions has important impacts on the degradation of the noxious substances and the cycling of organic carbon as well as many inorganic compounds. Furthermore, the humic substances are becoming increasingly recognized as strategy for the degradation of environments contaminated with some priority pollutants.

关 键 词：腐殖质 腐殖质呼吸 氧化还原中间体 有毒物质 生物降解和转化 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]