西安市2004年度7～9岁初小学生动态眼屈光状况的横断面流行病学调查  

Cross-sectional study of dynamic refractive status in Xi'an city urban school students of junior primary school

作　　者：石一宁[1] 冯丹 杜晓琨[1] 何婷[1] 孙欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国陕西省西安市中心医院眼科,西安市中心医院视光学研究所,710003 [2]中国陕西省西安市蓝田县中医医院眼科,710500

出　　处：《国际眼科杂志》2006年第6期1460-1463,共4页International Eye Science

基　　金：中国西安市科技局社会发展基金资助项目(No.SF200319)~~

摘　　要：目的:对在校小学生眼健康状况中的动态屈光基本情况进行横断面调查,为青少年眼保健提供基础资料。方法:采用前瞻性调查设计,对初小学生(小学1～3年级)1093人2186眼动态眼屈光状态等指标进行采集,输入编辑的专项应用程序,用SPSS11.0软件行统计分析。结果:初小学生近视眼的发病率为54.7%,其中45.7%的低度近视,8.2%的中度近视,0.8%的高度近视;正视眼占40.5%,尚有4.8%的远视眼;3个年级各屈光构成比相比,正视和低度近视组为主要构成。平均屈光度(-1.02±1.48)D,其中,3个年级平均屈光度分别为:小1(-0.82±1.42)D,小2(-1.06±1.55)D,小3(-1.18±1.45)D,组间有显著性差异。女生组平均屈光度(-1.15±1.57)D,大于男生组(-0.91±1.39)D;低近、高近组女生平均屈光度大于相应男生组。提示初小阶段右眼组平均屈光度(-1.05±1.53)D大于左眼组(-0.98±1.43)D。女生右眼组平均屈光度大于女生左眼组。低近右眼平均近视屈光度大于左眼。结论:初小各年级学生的眼屈光状态,特别是小学1年级已呈现近视化,主要构成是低度近视。女生的近视进展趋势仍早于男生,右眼近视化进展期早于左眼。AIM： To obtain the basic data of eyes＇ refractive status, especially the myopia prevalence rate in Xi＇an city primary school students. METHODS： The cross-sectional study was conducted in the whole students of two Xi＇an city primary schools. The objective ophthalmic examinations were done on all partidpants induded non-cydoplegic objective refraction, visual acuity, ocular pressure, fundus evaluation by .special trained ophthalmologists and nurses. The special designed form was filled in and input special oomputer program, Then the data were statistically analyzed with SPSS11.0. RESULTS： In the junior primary school of 1093 pupils, average age of 7-9 years old, the detected rate of myopia was 54. 7%, including low myopia 45.7%, moderate myopia 8.2%, high myopia 0：8%, emmetropia 40.5%, hypermatropia 4.8%. Among 3 grades, the constituents of emmatropia and low myopia groups were the main part. The average diopter of spherical equivalent refraction was -1.02± 1.48 D. Among 3grades, the 1st grade （ -0.82± 1.42）D, the 2nd （ -1.06± 1.55）D, the 3rd（ -1.18± 1.45）D, there were significant differences. The degree of myopia in girls（-1.15± 1.57）D and right eyes （-1.05± 1.53）D were significantly higher than in boys （-0.91± 1.39）D and left eyes （-0.98± 1.43）D, respectively.CONCLUSION： The constituents of refractive status is definitely changed to be myopic in grade 1, meanwhile the girls＇ and right eyes＇ progression are earlier than the boys＇ and left eyes＇.

关 键 词：初级小学 动态屈光状态 等效球镜 近视眼患病率 流行病学 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科]