大弹涂鱼成鱼消化酶活性的研究  

Digestive enzymes of adult mudskipper,Boleophthalmus pectinirostris

作　　者：吴仁协[1] 戈薇[1] 洪万树[1] 张其永[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与环境学院海洋系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2007年第1期99-105,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30170739;40476056);福建省重大科项目(2003No.26);福建省科技重大专项项目(2004SZ01-02)

摘　　要：采用酶学分析方法，研究pH对成体大弹涂鱼（Boleophthalmus pectinirostris）胃的蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶以及肠道的蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性的影响，检测了酸性蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶、羧肽酶A、氨基肽酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、脂肪酶、碱性磷酸酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶、麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶、乳糖酶、海藻糖酶和纤维二糖酶等15种消化酶活性在胃、肝脏和肠道中的分布。实验将鱼肠道从前部到后部切成3等份，分别称为肠Ⅰ、肠Ⅱ、肠Ⅲ。结果表明：（1）胃的蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶的最适pH值分别为2．5～3．5、6．5和5．5，肠道蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶的最适pH值分别为9．5、7．5和6．0～7．5，肠道的胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶的最适pH值分别为7．5和8．0。（2）除胃的酸性蛋白酶和碱性磷酸酶外，胃和肝脏的各种消化酶活性均显著低于肠道（P〈0．05）。（3）肠Ⅰ和肠Ⅲ的胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶活性均显著高于肠Ⅱ（P〈0．05），肠Ⅰ的羧肽酶A活性显著高于肠Ⅱ和肠Ⅲ（P〈0．05），肠Ⅲ的氨基肽酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶和碱性磷酸酶等3种与营养物质吸收有关的消化酶活性均显著高于肠Ⅰ和肠Ⅱ（P〈0．05），3段肠的脂肪酶活性无显著差异（P〉0．05）。（4）肠Ⅰ的淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性均显著高于肠Ⅱ和肠Ⅲ（P〈0．05）；肠Ⅱ的麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶、乳糖酶、海藻糖酶和纤维二糖酶等5种二糖酶活性均显著高于肠Ⅰ和肠Ⅲ（P〈0．05）。由此说明，（1）成体大弹涂鱼胃在食物的消化过程中不起重要作用，但胃具有吸收功能；（2）肠Ⅰ是消化吸收淀粉的主要部位，肠Ⅱ是二糖消化和吸收的主要部位，肠Ⅲ是蛋白质、脂类和无机盐等营养吸收的主要部位。By means of enzyme analysis, the effects of pH were studied on the activities of protease, lipase and amylase in the stomach of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and the activities of protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase and amylase in the intestine. The distribution patterns of fifteen digestive enzymes（acid protease, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, aminopeptidase, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, amylase, cellulase, mahase, sucrase, lactase, trehalase and ceUobiase） in different digestive organs were analyzed in the adult mudskipper（B. pectinirostris ）. In this study, the intestine was divided into three equal sections from the anterior to the posterior end, which were intestine Ⅰ , intestine Ⅱ and intestine Ⅲ. The results showed that the optimum pH for gastric protease, lipase and amylase were 2.5 - 3.5,6.5 and 5.5 ; for intestinal protease, lipase and amylase, 9.5,7.5 and 6.0 - 7.5, and for intestinal trypsin and chymotrypsin,7.5 and 8.0, respectively. The activities of the fifteen digestive enzymes in stomach and liver were significantly lower than those in the intestine except acid protease and alkaline phosphatase in the stomach（P〈0.05）. The activities of trypsin and chymotrypsin in both of intestine Ⅰ and intestine Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in intestine Ⅱ （P 〈 0.05）. The activities of carboxypeptidase A in intestine Ⅰ were significantly higher than those in both of intestine Ⅱ and intestine Ⅲ （P 〈 0.05）. And the activities of aminopeptidase, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase and alkaline phosphatase in intestine Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in both intestine Ⅰ and intestine Ⅱ （P 〈 0.05）. However, the activities of lipase were not significantly different among the three intestinal sections（P 〉0.05）. The activities of amylase and cellulase in intestine Ⅰ were significantly higher than those in both intestine Ⅱ and intestine Ⅲ （P 〈 0.05）. And the activities of the five disaccharidase（maltase, s

关 键 词：大弹涂鱼 蛋白酶 脂肪酶 碱性磷酸酶 糖酶 

分 类 号：Q48[生物学—生理学]