镉处理对大豆生物量及镉分布状况的影响  

Effects of Cd2+ Treatments on the Growth and Cd2+ Distribution in Glycine max Plants

作　　者：王志坤[1] 廖柏寒[2] 黄运湘[3] 曾清如[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江林学院理学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]中南林业科技大学资源与环境学院,湖南长沙410004 [3]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第6期658-661,共4页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：科技部中法先进研究计划项目(PRAE00-04);教育部科学技术研究重点项目([2000]156-00209);湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(00A003)

摘　　要：通过对红壤和河潮土2种土壤的加Cd2+盆栽试验,研究了添加不同外源Cd2+(0.00,0.25,0.50,2.50,5.00,10.0,20.0 mg/kg)对大豆生长发育及镉分布状况的影响.结果表明,(1)2种土壤加Cd2+处理,对大豆株高具有抑制作用.河潮土加Cd2+处理,大豆生物产量及籽粒产量均以添加0.25 mg/kg时最高,添加Cd2+≥0.50 mg/kg时则表现为抑制作用;红壤加Cd2+处理,对大豆生物产量有抑制作用,但添加0.25 mg/kg时可促进籽粒的发育.(2)红壤加Cd2+处理对大豆营养生长及生殖生长的胁迫作用大于添加相同Cd2+处理的河潮土,红壤添加Cd2+2.50 mg/kg时,大豆株高、生物产量及荚果数等均显著低于对照,而河潮土加Cd2+量则为10.0 mg/kg,表明红壤对镉污染的环境容量比河潮土低.(3)大豆幼苗期根部Cd2+含量高于地上部,而Cd2+积累量则受生物产量的影响.在Cd2+添加量相同的条件下,河潮土大豆地上部生物产量高于红壤,地上部Cd2+积累量及转运率也高于红壤,河潮土Cd2+的转运率为50.3%～80.4%,红壤则为45.5%～66.0%.大豆吸收转运到地上部的Cd2+主要分布在茎和叶中,荚壳和籽粒中相对较少,大豆地上部各器官中Cd2+含量的高低依次为茎、叶、荚壳、籽粒.A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of Cd^2＋ treatments on the growth and Cd^2＋ distribution in Glycine max plants in two typical Hunan soils-red soil and alluvial soil. The results showed as follows： （1） Cd^2＋ treatments inhibited the length of Glycine max plant in two types of soil. The biomass products and grain yields of Glycine max plants increased at low Cd^2＋ concentrations and declined at high Cd^2＋ concentrations in alluvial soil, when Cd^2＋ concentration was 0.25 mg/kg, the biomass and grain yields were the highest. Cd^2＋ treatments declined the biomass products of Glycine max plant in red soil, but low Cd^2＋ concentration simulated the grain development of Glycine max in red soil. （2） The effects of Cd^2＋ stress on growth of Glycine max plants in red soil were more significant than that in alluvial soil. When Cd^2＋ concentration was 2.50 mg/kg, the length, biomass products, and pods of Glycine max plants decreased significantly compared with control in red soil, and the same results were showed in alluvial soil when Cd^2＋ concentration was 10.0 mg/kg. This result showed that Cd^2＋ environmental capacity of red soil is lower than that of alluvial soil. （3） Cd^2＋ concentration in roots were higher than that in aerial parts of Glycine max seedlings, but Cd^2＋ accumulation quantities were related with the biomass products of Glycine max seedlings. In the same Cd^2＋ concentration, Due to the biomass products of Glycine max plants in alluvial soil were higher than that in red soil, Cd^2＋ accumulation quantities and the transfer rates were higher than that in red soil. Cd^2＋ transfer rates were 50.3%～80.4% in alluvial soil and 45.5%～66.0% in red soil, respectively. Cd^2＋ content in aerial part of Glycine max plants from root distributed mainly in stem and leaf, and Cd^2＋ content in shell and grain were lower. Cd^2＋ concentrations in different organs of Glycine max plants were stem〉leaf〉shell〉grain.

关 键 词：添加Cd^2+ 大豆 红壤 河潮土 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]