不同耕作制度对南方稻田甲烷排放的影响  

Effect of different tillage on methane emissions in paddy field

作　　者：胡立峰[1] 李琳[1] 陈阜[1] 叶桃林[2] 杨光立[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [2]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《生态环境》2006年第6期1216-1219,共4页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：国家农业部重点项目(2006-24)

摘　　要：以南方稻田温室气体甲烷排放为研究对象,选取冬季休闲和种植绿肥作物紫云英(AstragalussinicusL.)两种主要模式,在早稻(OryzasativaL.)移栽之前进行旋耕和翻耕两种处理,以全年休闲为空白对照,利用静态箱法测定甲烷排放通量。结果表明,甲烷排放在水稻抽穗期达到极大值,至收获甲烷排放呈减少趋势,以无稻全年休闲区甲烷排放通量最低,在抽穗至收获阶段平均排放速率为3.43mg·m-2·h-1,冬闲及冬季种植紫云英处理分别比无稻休闲区排放通量高114.3%和420.3%;甲烷浓度具有强烈的空间异质性,地表以上50cm空间内,早稻抽穗至成熟阶段甲烷浓度是大气甲烷浓度的35.2倍;稻田甲烷高浓度低排放速率以及低浓度高排放速率现象表明,甲烷排放速率与其浓度之间具有非一致性。The paddy field was widely distributed in the southwestern China. The emission of CH4 might be an important contribution to greenhouse gases in China. Agricultural management such as tillage has a influence on CH4 in paddy soil. A field experiment of different tillage were conducted at Hunan in 2005. The main using mode in winter of paddy fields is fallow or plant milk vetch. In these two mode areas, rotation tillage （RT） and plough tillage （PT） were adopted before transplanted early rice and the CH4 flux has been measured, at the same time, a plot＇s CH4 flux has been comparison with that areas which has no plant rice. The results showed that CH4 flux reach peak in heading stage, since then the CH4 flux descend. In all test areas, the no rice area＇s CH4 flux is least, it＇s mean flux is 3.43mg/m^2·h from heading stage to harvest stage. CH4 concentration has spatial heterogeneity under 50cm. From heading stage to harvest stage, the CH4 concentration in paddy fields is atmosphere＇s 35.2 times. The CH4 flux isn＇t consistent with it＇s concentration.

关 键 词：甲烷排放通量 南方稻田 耕作制度 空间异质性 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]