基于运动承诺视角的大学生锻炼坚持机制研究  

Research on Mechanism of Exercise Persistence Based on Sport Commitment Theory

作　　者：陈善平[1] 李树茁[1] 闫振龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《体育科学》2006年第12期48-55,共8页China Sport Science

基　　金：陕西省高等教育教学改革研究项目(陕教高[2005]47号);陕西省社会科学基金项目(06N001Z)

摘　　要：以运动承诺理论为基础,采用访谈和解释结构模型法建立锻炼坚持机制的概念模型,提出个体行为坚持的认知决策理论框架。通过1179名大学生问卷调查的数据和LISREL8.53的结构方程模型法进行检验,结果表明:1)锻炼承诺是锻炼者渴望和决心继续进行身体锻炼的一种心理状态,锻炼动机定向、锻炼效果评价、坚持锻炼可能性预测是形成锻炼承诺的心理决策过程,其中锻炼效果评价的决定作用最大;2)大学生认知到的个体和社会环境等影响因素是作为心理决策的前因变量,通过3个心理决策过程的中介作用,调节对坚持锻炼的承诺程度;3)在影响因素中,个人投入、运动能力、参与机会、社会支持、锻炼条件和锻炼氛围对锻炼坚持行为具有促进和加强的作用,而社会约束、运动风险、制度约束和参与选择表现出较大的负面影响。In order to explain the mechanism and cause of college students persisting in or quitting out exercise,a mechanism model of exercise persistence （MMEP） was constructed using the method of interview and interpretive structural modeling method （ISM） based on the sport commitment theory. A survey of 1179 college students was made to test the MMEP. The results showed that：1. Exercise commitment was a psychological construct that reflected the desire and resolve to persist in exercise. Exercise commitment was yielded by three psychological decision-making processes ,which were motivation orienting ,outcome evaluating and feasibility forecasting. 2. Individual factors and environmental factors via these psychological decision-making processes influenced behaviors of exercise persistence. 3. Among these determinants, personal investment, athletic competence, involvement opportunities, social supports, exercise facility and exercise atmosphere promoted exercise persistence, while social constraints, sport risk, regulations constraints and involvement alternatives put negative influences on exercise persistence.

关 键 词：锻炼 坚持 承诺 动机 决策 大学生 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]