应用Heath-Carter体型法分析辽西地区城市汉族儿童青少年1263名体型特征  

Research on the somatotype characteristics of 1263 Han children and youths in the western urban area of Liaoning Province by the Heath-Carter method

作　　者：刘素伟[1] 孟跃新 赵宝东[1] 赵春玉[3] 付饶[1] 

机构地区：[1]锦州医学院解剖学教研室,辽宁省锦州市121001 [2]东北电业管理局第三公司医院内科,辽宁省锦州市121001 [3]锦州医学院附属第一医院神经内科,辽宁省锦州市121001

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2007年第17期3201-3205,共5页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39960032)~~

摘　　要：目的:分析辽西地区城市汉族儿童青少年的体型发育规律和特点,为体质人类学补充必要的数据。方法:按整群分层抽样法,抽取2001-07/2003-09辽西地区城市7所中小学7～19岁经学校正常体质检查证明身体健康的汉族学生,按性别分两大组,每大组按年龄分12小组,7～18岁每岁为1个年龄组,18～19岁为1个年龄组,每小组45～86名,共分24组,搜集完整资料1263名(男657名,女606名)。采用Heath-Carter体型法,每项指标测量2次,取平均值,10项指标由专人负责,测试数据按年龄和性别在微机中建立数据库,依次计算出各年龄组的内因子、中因子和外因子,体型图上的X,Y坐标值,身高/体质量1/3,样本中平均体型点到所有体型点空间距离的均数,三维空间中两个体型点间的差异,体脂含量和各类体型分布频数。结果:参加调查1263名,均进入结果分析。①7～17岁儿童青少年身高、体质量随年龄的增加而增长。平均身高、体质量男生大于女生。身高/体质量1/3指数除14,16和17岁外,各年龄组女生>男生,平均值女生>男生。体脂含量11岁以前男生>女生,12岁以后女生>男生。②辽西地区城市汉族男生的平均体型值为3.9-3.5-3.4,属中间型,女生平均体型值为4.3-2.9-3.6,属偏外胚层的内胚层体型。体型频数的变化提示辽西城市汉族男生体型分布较散,女生分布较集中,主要在内胚层体型。③内因子男生在3.18～4.81,女生在3.05～5.33,11岁以前男生>女生,12岁以后女生>男生;中因子男生在3.02～4.23,女生在2.54～3.42,除16岁男女相差不多外,其他年龄组男生>女生,外因子男生在2.64～4.22,女生在2.92～4.14,13岁以前女生>男生,14岁以后男生>女生。因此,男生较女生骨骼粗壮,肌肉发达,随着年龄的增长,女生的皮下脂肪更发达,体态丰满,男生的身体相对瘦高程度增长,身材修长。男女各年龄组间体型比较,7～,8～,9～,10～,11～,12～,13～,14～,1AIM： To analyze the rules and characteristics of somatotype development of Han children and youths in westem urban area of Liaoning Province so as to supply essential data for physical anthropology. METHODS： According to cluster-stratified sampling, Han youths aged 7-19 years＇ ware selected from seven primary schools and middle schools in wastem urban areas of Liaoning Province from July 2001 to September 2003. All the subjects were proved to be healthy in physical examinations, according to differences in age they ware firstly divided into two groups, that was one year of 7-18 years for one group and 18-19 years for the other, then subdivided into 12 sets. There were 45-86 youths in each group, totally 1 263 youths with complete data including 657 males and 606 females. Heath-Carter somatotyps method was adopted, containing 10 indexes. Each index was measured twice and average value was calculated. A database was established in computer according to age and gender. Endomorphic factor, mesomorphic factor, ectomorphic factor, X and Y coordinate values of somatotype profile, height/mass1/3, mean dimensional distances from the average somatotype to all somatotypes in samples, difference between the two somatotypss in three-dimensional space, content of body fat and frequency distribution of each somatotype were calculated. RESULTS： All the 1 263 youths entered the final analysis.①Height and weight of youths aged 7-17 years increased with the age going up. The average values of height and weight ware higher in boys than in girls. The indicators of heigh/weightl/3 in girls ware higher than those in boys except the 14, 16, 17 years groups. The content of body fat in boys was more than those in girls before 11 years, but more in girls than irl boys after 12 years.②The average value of somatotype of Han boys in westem urban area of Liaoning Province was 3.9-3.5-3.4, which belonged to, medial type, while that of girls was 4.3 -2.9 -3.6, which belonged to ectomorph-endomorph balanced type. The frequency of soma

关 键 词：体型 城市 人口 青少年 

分 类 号：R339.35[医药卫生—人体生理学]