人类群体遗传结构的图论多维尺度分析方法  

The Methodology of Graph Theory Multidimensional Scaling Analysis on Human Population Genetic Structure

作　　者：李春田 薛付忠[2] 王洁贞[2] 郭亦寿[3] 胡平[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省平邑县卫生防疫站,山东平邑273300 [2]山东大学公共卫生学院流行病学与医学统计学研究所,山东济南250012 [3]山东大学医学院医学遗传学研究所,山东济南250012

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2007年第1期1-5,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30170527)

摘　　要：[目的]提出基因频率矩阵的图论多维尺度分析方法,探讨该法在人类群体遗传结构研究中的应用。[方法]从分析基因频率矩阵的结构特征入手,将增强多维尺度分析与图论中的最小生成树有机结合,构建人类群体遗传结构的图论多维尺度模型,并以中国26个汉族人群HLA-A基因座遗传结构分析为例,验证图论多维尺度分析的科学性和适用性。[结果]图论多维尺度分析的基本步骤可概括为:①对中心化基因频率矩阵进行增强多维尺度分析;②按图论原理求过m维空间n个点的最小生成树;③利用求“颈”法分割最小生成树;④将最小生成树整合到增强多维尺度散点图中构建图论多维尺度分类图。根据此步骤,对中国26个汉族人群HLA-A基因座遗传结构进行了图论多维尺度分析,分析结果符合中华民族源与流的客观规律。[结论]图论多维尺度分类图既可显示各群体的遗传结构特性,又可利用最小生成树的连接关系揭示各群体间的内在联系;图论多维尺度分析是分析人类群体遗传结构的一种理想方法。[Objective]This paper presents the methodology of graph theory multidimensional scaling analysis, and explores its applicability for studying human population genetic structure. [Methods]Based on the structure of gene frequency matrix, we combine the method of multidimensional scaling analysis with the minimal spanning tree of graph theory, to set up the model of graph theory multidimensional scaling analysis. As an example, the genetic structure of HLA-A locus in 26 Han populations is analyzed by using graph theory multidimensional scaling analysis, to show its rationality for studying human population genetic structure.[Results]The step by step of graph theory multidimensional scaling analysis can be summarized as follows： （1）carry out multidimensional scaling analysis to the centred gene frequency matrix;（2）calculate the minimal spanning tree,which passes the points in dimensions space; （3）decompose the minimal spanning tree into several parts using the method of necks found;（4）set up the graph theory multidimensional scaling classification graph in the multidimensional scaling classification seallergram. According to these steps,the genetic structure of HLA-A locus in 26 Han populations is analyzed,which indicates that the results accord with the population genetic mechanism of Chinese Han population. [Conclusions]The graph theory multidimensional scaling classification scallergram can show not only the genetic structure of populations, but also the intrinsic relationship among the populations. The graph theory multidimen sional scaling analysis is ideality method for studying the human population genetic structure.

关 键 词：人类群体遗传结构 图论多维尺度分析 HLA—A 

分 类 号：R394.5[医药卫生—医学遗传学] Q347[医药卫生—基础医学]