我国城乡婴幼儿营养健康状况及差异分析  

Analysis on nutrition and health status of infants and young children and urban-rural gap in China

作　　者：王启现[1] 孙君茂 刘自杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081 [2]国家食物与营养咨询委员会

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2007年第2期153-154,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：科技部社会公益专项资助(2005DIB4J039)

摘　　要：目的了解我国城乡婴幼儿营养健康变化情况及城乡差异，为国家制定相关政策、提高国民素质提供科学依据。方法以历次全国营养普查数据为主，分析我国城乡婴幼儿营养健康状况的变化规律及城乡差距。结果我国出生婴儿的死亡率不断下降、出生体质明显改善；0～3岁婴幼儿身高、体重明显增加，生长迟缓率和低体重率明显下降。但缺铁性贫血患病率显著增加；我国婴幼儿营养健康状况的城乡差距进一步加大，农村婴幼儿的生长迟缓率、低体重率和贫血患病率均显著高于城市。结论我国婴幼儿营养健康状况不断改善，但营养不良问题仍相当突出，特别是农村应引起足够重视。Objective To understand the change of the nutrition and health status of infants and young children in China, to discover the difference between urban and rural areas. Methods Data source was from the National Nutrition Census in 1982, 1992, and 2002. Others were from literatures released by authorities and scholars in China. Results The mortality rate of newborn significantly decreased from 1992 to 2002. The weight and length of newborn infants and young children apparently increased. The growth tardy rate and the low weight rate dramatically decreased while the anemia prevalence significantly increased during the past decade. Due to nutrition deficiency, the difference of newborn status and infants and young children health between rural areas and urban areas was broadened at present. Conclusion The health status of infants and young children was apparently improved, but the nutrient deficiency in China was still prevalent, especially in rural areas.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 营养状况 健康状况 城乡差异 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]