重载列车有线电控空气制动系统的研究  

Study on Electronically Controlled Pneumatic(ECP) Brake System for Heavy Haul Train

作　　者：林晖[1] 钱立新[1] 

机构地区：[1]铁道科学研究院机车车辆研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2007年第1期63-70,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：科技部科技研究开发计划项目(2004EG123137)

摘　　要：重载列车在制动时,由于列车前后部制动力不一致而产生巨大的车钩力和剧烈的纵向冲动,极易造成列车断钩和脱轨事故。研究利用电力线作为通信介质,采用网络控制系统和每辆车作为一个网络节点,结合我国货车120空气制动机,实现有线电控空气制动。研究表明:由电控空气制动系统(ECP系统)控制列车制动,列车中所有车辆的制动和缓解动作几乎同步进行,全部车辆制动缸开始升、降压的时间差在0.2 s以内;在网络条件允许的范围内,装有ECP系统的车辆制动和缓解的同步性不受列车编组辆数的影响,各车辆制动缸的升压、降压曲线形状几乎相同;车辆制动缸压力的控制精度达到制动命令要求值的±20 kPa。由于ECP系统实现了对列车制动和缓解的同步控制,能够保证长大重载列车安全运行。Due to inconsistent of brake force between the foreside and rearward of the train bring enormous in-train forces and acute straight impact, the coupler broken and derailment of the train likely happen during the heavy haul train service brake or emergency brake. This study utilizes electronic power line as communication medium and uses networked control system with each car as a node. According to the 120 air brake valve of freight wagon in China, cable-based electronically controlled pneumatic brake systems are achieved. Study shows that the train brake controlled by electronically controlled pneumatic （ECP） brake system can operate brake and release application almost simultaneously on each wagon of the train. The whole brake cylinders pressure start rise and drop time difference is less than 0. 2 second. Under the permit range of network condition, all cars equipped with ECP systems shall never be influenced by amount of cars that consist the train as for brake and release application simultaneously operation, and the pneumatic brake pressure rise or drop curve shape of brake cylinder of every car keep almost identical. The controlling accuracy of brake cylinder pressure reaches brake command target value -4-20 kPa. The ECP system achieves to control the train brake and release applications at the same time and can ensure safety operation of heavy haul train.

关 键 词：重载列车 空气制动 电子控制 网络控制 ECP系统 

分 类 号：U260.352[机械工程—车辆工程]