20年来东北典型黑土地区土壤肥力质量变化  

Spatial and temporal variability of soil quality in typical black soil area in Northeast China in 20 years

作　　者：汪景宽[1] 李双异[1] 张旭东[2] 魏丹[3] 迟风琴[3] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学,沈阳110161 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110034 [3]黑龙江农业科学院,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2007年第1期19-24,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2005CB121108-4);黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目(ZJN03-02)资助

摘　　要：通过大量样品分析和数据收集,研究了最近20年来东北典型黑土地区土壤肥力质量主要指标——pH、有机质、速效磷、速效钾和黏粒的变化情况,并在地理信息系统和地统计分析的辅助下,研究了该5项肥力指标以及综合肥力指数的时空变异规律。结果表明:20年中该地区土壤pH、有机质和速效钾平均含量明显降低,速效磷平均含量有较大增加;速效磷的变异系数变化最大,pH变化最小;20世纪80年代该地区土壤肥力综合指数以一、二级为主(80%以上),但21世纪初土壤肥力质量几乎被二、三级地所占据(98%以上)。该地区土壤肥力质量明显降低可能与长期以来重种轻养有关。Geographical information system（GIS）combined with Geostatistics were applied to reveal the spatial and temporal variability of soil fertility quality in the topsoil（0-20cm）in the northeastern area of China during last two decades. Soil fertility quality indices in this study include pH,organic matter,available P,available K and clay. The results show that soil pH,organic matter and available K significantly decrease during the past 20 years while the available P increases with the biggest variation coefficient. The areas with the first and second grade of soil fertility quality were over 80 % in 1980, whereas nearly 98 % belonged to the second and third grade in 2000. So the soil fertility quality has declined in this area due to the intensive cultivation in the past 20 years.

关 键 词：黑土地区 土壤肥力 地统计学 空间变异 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]