两淮盐业中的集团博弈与利益分配——张謇盐业改革的实践与困境  

The Group Gaming and Benefit Distribution in the Liang Huai Salt Industry——The Reforming Practices and Its Dilemma in Salt Industry by Zhang Jian

作　　者：马俊亚[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史系,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《淮阴师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2007年第1期123-129,共7页Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：2005年国家哲学社会科学基金项目"从沃土至瘠壤:淮北地区社会生态变迁研究"(05BZS039);江苏省哲学社会科学基金项目"国家政策因素与徐淮海地区社会生态变迁"(04LSB005)

摘　　要：清朝和民国时代的两淮盐业中,形成了不同的利益集团。直接从事食盐生产的灶丁、盐民,由于国家政策造成的超经济强制和身份制的限制,无法分润盐务的任何利益,任何时候他们都是当然的被牺牲者。张謇盐务改革的实践就是运用市场化与股份制手段解决盐务分配中的不公平现象。但由于盐务利益的分配完全取决于行政权力,市场化和股份制的成效无法体现出来,因而,张謇在盐业改革方面所受的挫折,是整个社会制度不良所造成的必然结果。The various interest groups were created in Liang Huai salt industry in Qing dynasty and Republican period.The real salt producers were not able to share any interest of salt because of super economic coerce and the limit of identity.They had been always the consequent victims in every period.The reform practice of salt industry by Zhang Jian solved the problem of unfairness of interest distribution through the way of marketization and stock company.Unfortunately,the effects of marketization and stock company had not been demonstrated because of the salt interest distribution determined by political power.

关 键 词：利益集团 张謇 平民阶层 

分 类 号：F426.82[经济管理—产业经济]