部分高龄老人的视力状况及影响因素  

Visual acuity and related factors in some elderly people over 80 years of age

作　　者：夏群[1] 卢颖毅[1] 张伟[1] 张尧贞[1] 楮德发[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京医院眼科,北京100730

出　　处：《眼视光学杂志》2007年第1期48-50,共3页Chinese Journal of Optometry & Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的调查部分80岁以上高龄老人的视力状况并分析其影响因素。方法按常规检查458例高龄老人的视力及眼部状况,对合作者通过验光矫正屈光不正,对疑似眼病采用相应的辅助检查;采用SPSS12.0软件进行统计,视力统计采用最小角度对数视力进行非参数检验;计数资料采用卡方检验;采用Logistic分析法分析影响视力及致盲和低视力的原因。结果高龄老人平均日常生活视力为LogMAR中位数0.2218,矫正屈光不正后平均视力为LogMAR中位数0.1549,秩和检验发现矫正前后视力差异有非常显著性(Z=-15.435,P=0.000)。盲和低视力分别为3.9%和5.5%。高龄老人平均患有2种眼病,最常见的眼病是白内障,严重影响视力的眼病主要是眼底黄斑病变,其次为青光眼和各种视神经萎缩。结论高龄老人视力下降既有眼病因素,也有屈光不正和生理老化因素。为改善与高龄老人生存质量密切相关的视觉质量,除了积极治疗老年相关性眼病外,还应重视屈光不正的矫正。Objective To evaluate visual acuity and related factors in some elderly people over 80 years old. Methods Visual acuity in daily activities was checked in a population of 458 elderly people and then a complete ocular examination was performed. Including examination for ocular diseases. Vision was corrected if necessary. All data was analyzed by SPSS 12.0 softwere. A nonparametric test was used to analyze LogMAR visual acuity. The risk factors that camsed visual acuity decline, low vision and blindness were analyzed by using a logistic regrmsion method. Results Average visual acuity （LogMAR） was 0.2218, and with correction, average visual acuity was improved to 0. 1549. There was a significant difference betwcen uncorrected and corrected visual acuity （ Z = - 15. 435, P 〈 0. 001 ）. The prevalence of blindness and low vision in this population comnple was 3.9% and 5.5%, respeetively. The leading ocular diseases of consequerice were cataracts, which were the most common, macular degeneration, glaucoms and optic nerve armplay. Conclusion In addition to the treatment of ocular diseases, refractive error correction can improve the quality of d-ily life for elderly people.

关 键 词：高龄老人 视觉 双眼 眼疾病 屈光不正 生理老化 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]