稻草覆盖对罗汉果园土壤环境及罗汉果产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Straw Mulching on Soil Environment of Siraitia grosevenorii Orchard and the Quality and Yield of Siraitia Grosevenorii Fruit

作　　者：何铁光[1] 韦昌联[2] 卢家仕[1] 王灿琴[1] 杭玲[1] 黄卓忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院生物技术研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西农业科学院,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2007年第3期698-699,713,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科学青年基金(桂科青0447014)项目

摘　　要：于2005-2006年研究了稻草覆盖对罗汉果园的土壤环境厦罗汉果品质、产量的影响。结果表明：稻草覆盖使罗汉果园土壤容重降低83％。土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量分别提高19．5％、12．5％、11．7％、14．5％和9．4％，土层（0～20cm）的水分含量也增加了11．0％，并能调节罗汉果土壤温度变化，抑制杂草的生长，促使罗汉果提前7d上棚；改善了罗汉果品质，增加了罗汉果产量，罗汉果的总糖、Vc和甜甙V含量分别提高了27．8％、7．0％和24％，单株产量增加了67，1％，大果率是对照的2．8倍。The experiments were carried out in 2005-2006 in Siraitia grasevenorii orchard to study the effect of straw mulching on soil environment, yield and quality of Siraitia grosevenorii. The results showed that straw mulching could decrease soil bulk density by 8.3 %, and increase the contents of soil organic matter, total nitwgen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium by 19.5%, 12.5%, 11.7%, 14.5% and 9.4% respoctivly. It also increased the moisture content in soil layer （0 - 20 cm） by 11.0%, postponed the period of high temperature, inhibited the growth of some weeds, and thus, made Siraitla grosevenorii climbing the shed 7days earlier and improved the yield and quality. Compared to the control, straw mulching increased the ratio of the total contents of soluble sugar, vitamin C and mogroside V by 27.8%, 7.0% and 52% respectivly, and increased the average yield of individual plant by 67.1%. The rate of big fruit of Siraitia grosevenorii orchard with straw was 2.8 times as much as that of the control.

关 键 词：罗汉果 稻草覆盖 土壤环境 产量 品质 

分 类 号：X151.9[环境科学与工程—环境科学]