中国高中学生中的反应风格及其效应  

Response Styles of Chinese Middle School Students and Their Effects on Personality Tests

作　　者：郭庆科[1,2] 王昭[1] 韩丹[1] 时勘[3] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理系 [2]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院心理研究所

出　　处：《心理学报》2007年第1期176-183,共8页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70471060)。

摘　　要：通过测试正反向陈述的NEO-FFI和EPQ,探讨了中国高中生中默认、极端化、折中化、弹性反应风格的特点,及题目陈述方向的改变对其人格测验信效度的影响。结果发现反应风格在中国高中生中确实存在,折中化和弹性风格对测验的影响最为严重,其次为极端化风格,默认风格则可能不算一种偏差。NEO-FFI量表在使用反向陈述题目时信效度下降,说明由于教育水平低而使高中生理解反向题时存在困难。Response style is an important form of bias and error variance in psychological testing, But there is no study explored the characteristics of response styles in Chinese people, and to which extend they affect reliability and validity of psychological testing, In this study,one form of NEO-FFI with 60 positive narrated items was administrated at one time to 486 middle school students. A negative form of the measure was administrated to the same student group two weeks later.In addition, a positive and negative narrative form of EPQ was also administrated to 465 middle school students in two weeks interval. Four kinds of response styles are calculated： acquiescence, extremeness, indifference and flexibility. The several results were found. First, response styles do exist in Chinese students.Second, Response styles that affect reliability and validity of personality tests most seriously are indifference and flexibility response styles. Extremeness response style reduces test reliability and validity, but acquiescence style does not.Third, The negative form of NEO-FFI has lower in reliability and validity than the positive form, suggesting that middle school students may have difficulties understanding negative narrated items. These results indicatethat response styles of Chinese students are different from those of western countries. Whereas indifference and flexibility are most important in Chinese students, extremeness is less important.Acquiescence as a response style does not exist.

关 键 词：反应风格 默认 极端化 折中化 弹性 题目正反向陈述 

分 类 号：B841[哲学宗教—基础心理学]