中国四城市初中生自杀倾向的现况调查  

Survey on the epidemic characteristics of suicidal tendency among middle-school students in cities

作　　者：熊光练[1] 吴静[1] 沈秋英 莫少雄[1] 杨道威[1] 张秋云[1] 章翩[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,武汉430030 [2]武汉市第十二中学

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2007年第2期127-130,共4页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（30471480）.

摘　　要：目的了解城市初中生自杀倾向的流行特点和规律。方法采取多阶段整群抽样方法，于2003年6月采用“全球学校学生健康调查（GSHS）之中国问卷”在中国北京、杭州、武汉、乌鲁木齐四城市各抽取25所普通中学共9015名初中学生进行现场问卷调查。结果四城市初中生中自杀意念的出现率为14．4％～20．8％，平均为17．4％；自杀计划的出现率为6．8％～9．7％，平均为8．2％；不同城市阃存在差异；初中男生自杀意念的出现率为150％，自杀计划的出现率为6，7％；初中女生自杀意念的出现率为19．7％，自杀计划的出现率为9．5％；女生2种自杀行为均高于男生；城市、年龄、性别、年级、被欺负天数、被欺负的类型、有无抑郁症状、有无亲密朋友、是否接受过应对压力的健康教育是初中生自杀倾向的影响因素；初中生被欺负的时间与自杀倾向呈剂量反应关系。结论中学生自杀倾向的状况应引起全社会的重视，应加强中学生的应对方式训练以及培育和谐的学习与成长环境。Objective To identify the epidemical characteristics of suicidal tendency among middleschool students in cities of China and to explore the main factors leading to suicidal tendency in adolescents. Methods Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 9015 students in grades 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively from 25 general middle schools in Beijing, Hangzhou, Wuhan and Urumqi of China in June 2006 and field investigation was carried out through ＂China Global School based Student Health Survey （GSHS） Questionnaire＂. Results Among the students in the four cities, the incidence rates of suicidal ideation were from 14,4 % to 20.8 % with an average of 17.4%. The incidence rates of suicidal plan were from 6.8% to 9.7% with an average of 8.2% and were different among cities. 15.0% of the boys had suicidal ideation and 6.7 % of them made a suicidal plan comparing to 19.7 % of girls having had suicidal ideation and 9.5 % of them made a suicidal plan. The two kinds of suicidal tendency in girls were all higher than those in boys. City, age, gender, grade, days and type of being bullied, depression, close friends and having received health education on coping with stresses were factors influencing suicidal tendency of students. Days of being bullied and suicidal tendency showed a dose-response relation. Conclusion Suicidal tendency seemed common in middle school students, Training on ‘ coping the issue＇ should be strengthened and harmonious environment should be improved in middle-schools.

关 键 词：自杀 现况调查 青少年 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]