改进型平面弯曲内嵌式形状记忆合金电机的设计与优化  

Design and Optimization of Improved Planar Bending ESMAAs

作　　者：杨凯[1] 辜承林[1] 严新荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学,湖北省武汉市430074 [2]中国电机工程学会,北京市宣武区100761

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2007年第6期45-48,共4页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50507007)~~

摘　　要：现有平面弯曲ESMAA内嵌单丝,冷却过程不可控,响应速度慢;由于SMA电阻与温度的非线性关系,基于SMA丝电阻反馈实施电机位置控制时,控制精度较低。因此,文中改进了电机结构。将两根SMA丝平行弹性棒轴线嵌入,其中回复丝与棒轴线重合,记忆为“U”形,恢复丝偏心嵌入,记忆为直线态;在电机弯曲方向的适宜位置配置互补应变片,直接检测位置信息。同时,通过连续、共初始及共极限约束实时调整马氏体份数系数,研究电机的主、次迟滞现象,构建用于电机优化和控制设计的分析模型。对长度为60mm电机的结构参数进行了设计,得到棒半径、丝半径、丝可回复曲率与偏心矩的优化值。对优化后的样机进行了实验研究,验证了改进型结构的优良性能。To overcome low response speed and low control precision in the existing planar bending ESMAAs, the structures of actuators were improved. Two SMA wires were embedded in parallel with the axis of the elastic rod. The recovering wire, which was superposed along rod＇s axis, was set to obtain ＂U＂ memory shape and the restoring wire, which was placed off-axially, got straight memory shape. The differential stain gauges were located at suitable position in corresponding to the actuator＇s bending direction in order to measure the signal of displacement. By making use of continuity, common origin and common limit conditions and adjusting martensite fraction coefficients appropriately, the analytical model was deduced to adequately account for the presence of major and minor hysteresis loops. The structural parameters of 60mm long actuator, such as rod＇s radius, wire＇s radius, wire＇s recoverable curvature and offset distance, were optimized by combining analytical model with experimental results. The experimental results prove the merits in optimal prototype.

关 键 词：内嵌式形状记忆合金电机 平面弯曲 改进型结构 优化设计 精确控制 

分 类 号：TM34[电气工程—电机]