基于匹配滤波的多次波压制方法研究  

Study on multiple attenuation method based on match filter

作　　者：李景叶[1] 陈小宏[2] 芮振华[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油天然气成藏机理教育部重点实验室 [2]中国石油大学CNPC物探重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2007年第1期200-206,共7页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40574048);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2003AA602110-2)联合资助

摘　　要：常规滤波方法对浅海多次波压制不能取得理想效果.通过改变模型表面边界条件,求解波动方程实现多情景地震数值模拟.利用自由边界条件模拟时获得含海平面强反射多次波地震记录,而利用吸收边界条件时得到理想条件下无多次波地震记录.对比分析多次波对有效地震信号的影响得到海平面强反射多次波改变了有效地震信号的振幅、频率和相位.利用归一化方法计算得到压制多次波滤波器算子,并作用于含海平面强反射多次波地震记录.叠加地震剖面对比分析表明,归一化滤波器算子较好的压制了地震记录中的多次波,提高地震资料分辨率.最后,根据多次波产生条件,给出了利用实际区域简化地质模型的地震数值模拟结果计算归一化滤波器算子的方法,从而利用该方法压制实际地震数据中多次波.The conventional filtering method can not work well in marine seismic multiple attenuating for shallow water. Seismic numerical simulation in different conditions was done by solving wave equation and changing the surface border conditions. Seismic with multiple produced by strong reflection of sea surface can be modeled with free border conditions, and seismic without multiple can be modeled with absorbing border conditions. That the multiple produce by strong reflection of sea surface has changed amplitude, frequency and phase of the effective reflected wave, can be seen after the compare of seismic simulated in different border conditions. The filtering operators for attenuating multiple can be calculated by the normalized method, and then they are worked on the seismic with multiple. The compares between the stacked seismic sections show that the normalized filtering operators work well in attenuating the seismic multiple, and the seismic resolution is improved after process. Thereafter, according the conditions affecting the multiple, the method to calculate normalized filtering operator for real seismic acquired in shallow sea fields is presented. They can be calculated using seismic simulated based on the simplified model of real conditions, in which the sea water depth, the shots＇ depth and the receivers＇ depth are more important.

关 键 词：多次波 归一化 波动方程 数值模拟 滤波器算子 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]