黄鳝浅水无土半人工繁殖研究  

Pilot Studies on Half-manual Breeding of Ricefield Eels in Shallow Water without Soil

作　　者：周文宗[1] 张硌[1] 高红莉[1] 李洪涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省科学院地理研究所,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2007年第1期105-109,123,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关资助项目(991040022)

摘　　要：半人工繁殖技术是黄鳝规模繁殖的必然趋势，1999～2005年在室内外成功实现了黄鳝的浅水元土半人工繁殖。室内试验表明，在密度为686．7—707．4g／m^2的条件下，亲鳝分4次产卵，并且表现出强烈的领域行为，领域面积为0．30—0．35m^2。黄鳝未经冬眠同样可以繁殖产卵，弱光（小于250lx）和静水环境则抑制黄鳝的繁殖。采用不同方法对卵进行孵化，滴水孵化率（94．7±2．1）％极显著高于静水孵化率（26．7±7．7）％（P〈0．01），在滴水孵化时出苗慢，但其孵化出的小苗卵黄消失速度快。室外试验表明，3—5月投放亲鳝的单位面积产卵量（181±81）粒／m^2明显大于6～7月投放亲鳝的单位面积产卵量（77±45）粒／m^2（P〈0．05），黄鳝产卵对水草有一定的选择性。在同样的环境条件下，每年总有部分繁殖池（20％-70％）不能产卵，并且每个产卵池单位面积产卵量差别悬殊（20～300粒／m^2）。对黄鳝进行浅水元土半人工繁殖，能极大地提高劳动效率，降低生产成本，具有良好的发展前景。Half - manual breeding technology is the inexorable trend of ricefield eels propagation of scale. From 1999 to 2005 half-manual breeding of ricefield eels in shallow water without soil was realized successfully indoors and outdoors. Under the density of （686.7 - 707.4） g/m^2, parent field eels laid eggs four times, and put up intensive domain behavior with a territory of （0.30 - 0.35） m^2. Ricefield eels could lay eggs and propagate without dormancy, and their breeding was restrained under the condition of low light less than 250 lx and static water. When eggs were laid by different means, the dripping water incubation rate （94.7 ±2.1 ）% was greatly higher than the static water incubation rate （26.7 ± 7, 7 ） % （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and fries came out slower while their yelk disappeared faster in dripping water. The tests outdoors showed that the parents of ricefield eels laid more eggs （ 181 ± 81 ） grain/m^2 put in between March to May than those （77±45） grain/m^2 put in between June to July（P 〈 0.05）, and in some extent ricefield eels selected aquatic grass to lay eggs. Every year ricefield eels could not lay eggs in some breeding ponds 20% - 70%, and laying eggs from 20 to 300 grain/m^2 had great difference in every laying - egg pond under the same environment condition. Half - manual breeding of ricefield eels in shallow water without soil has good future because it can greatly increase labour efficiency and reduce production cost.

关 键 词：黄鳝 无土 半人工繁殖 产卵 受精 孵化 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学] S961.2[生物学—普通生物学]