雷州半岛尾叶桉人工林耗水量研究  

Water Consumption of Eucalyptus urophylla Plantations on the Leizhou Peninsula

作　　者：张宁南[1] 徐大平[1] Jim Morris 周光益[1] 白嘉雨[1] 周涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520 [2]Forest Science Centre,Heidelberg,Victoria,Australia 3084

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2007年第1期1-5,共5页Forest Research

基　　金：中澳合作项目"桉树与水"ACIARFST(1997/77);国家科技部专项"热带林对水资源供需调节的监测研究"(191);广东省自然科学基金"广东主要树种人工林水分利用的比较研究"(0113931)的部分研究内容

摘　　要：利用热脉冲技术对雷州半岛2种主要土壤类型下的4年生尾叶桉人工林林分耗水量进行了为期1 a的观测,并对林分耗水与林分生长特性、气象因子及4 m深土壤有效水关系进行研究。研究结果表明:尾叶桉人工林边材面积与胸径具有显著的相关性,利用边材面积进行单株向林分尺度耗水的转换可行;河头、纪家尾叶桉人工林日平均茎流密度分别为2 772、1 839 L.m-2.d-1;日平均耗水量分别为1.49、1.53 mm;河头与纪家尾叶桉人工林林分的年耗水量分别为542、559 mm,分别占年降水量的35%、36%;开阔的林冠及较小的叶面积指数、旱季时土壤有效水的减少及较低的饱和蒸汽压差等在不同程度上都限制了桉树的耗水量。Tree growth, water consumption, climate factors, available water in soil profile as deep as 4 meters were monitored for 1 year in 4-year-old Eucalyptus urophylla trees grown in contrasting soil types at the Leizhou peninsula, southeastern China. The present experimental results indicated that the sapwood area in Eucalyptus urophylla trees was closely related to diameter at breast height （DBH） and it was possible to use the sapwood area in scaling up estimation of water consumption from an individual tree to stand level. The mean daily sap flow density （SFD） in Hetou and Jijia, the study sites, were respectively 2 772.1 839 L·m^-2·d^-1 ; mean daily water use were 1.49, 1.53 mm·d^-1. Annual water use of Hetou and Jijia plantations were 542 and 559 mm, respectively; which were equivalent to 35% and 36% of annual rainfall. Low water use may have resulted from combined effects of several factors, including open canopy and low leaf area index, soil water decline in the dry season, and low vapor pressure deficit, which limited water consumption of the trees.

关 键 词：尾叶桉 蒸腾作用 茎流密度 边材 热脉冲技术 

分 类 号：S715.4[农业科学—林学]