大花金挖耳内生菌的分离及抑菌活性筛选  

Isolation of Entophytes in Carpesium macrocephalum and the Screening of Their Antifungal Activity

作　　者：郭小炜[1] 冯俊涛[1] 易晓华[1] 王永宏[1] 张兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学无公害农药研究服务中心,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2007年第2期377-383,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家重大基础研究前期研究专项基金资助项目(2002CCA02800);石河子大学自然科学与技术创新项目资助(200506)

摘　　要：从菊科植物大花金挖耳(Carpesium macrocephalum)的花、茎、叶、果实和根中分离出92株内生菌,其中真菌68株,细菌16株,放线菌8株;对峙法生物活性测定结果表明,其中22株内生菌分别对小麦赤霉病菌、黄瓜灰霉病菌、辣椒疫霉病菌、玉米大斑病菌和苹果炭疽病菌均有较好的拮抗作用;采用生长速率法测定22株内生菌发酵产物的抑菌活性,结果表明,内生细菌H-32的发酵液稀释10倍和内生真菌H-18、Y-12、G-4、G-6的菌丝丙酮提取物在0.5 mg·mL-1(菌丝干重)的剂量下,均对番茄灰霉病菌和玉米大斑病菌菌丝生长具75%以上的抑制效果;活体组织法测定结果,H-32的发酵液和H-18、J-1、Y-17、G-6的菌丝丙酮提取物在2.0 mg·mL-1(菌丝干重)的剂量下,对番茄灰霉病的防治效果均在50%以上.综合分析认为,H-32、H-18和G-6等内生菌的抑菌作用值得进一步研究.92 strains of entophytes were isolated from stems, leaves,fruits,flowers and roots of Carpesium macrocephalum. They included 68 strains of entophytic fungi, 16 strains of entophytic bacteria,8 strains of entophytic actinomycetes. The antagonistic tests of all these 92 strains showed that 22 strains have good antagonistic action against the pathogens of Fusariurn grarninearurn , Botrytis cirerea , Ph ytophthora ca psici ,Exserohilurn turcicurn and Colletotrichurn gloeosporioides;the fungistasis test showed that the entophytic bacteria H-32 of fermentation filtrate at the concentration of diluted 10 times and the entophytic fungal H-18, Y-12,G-4,G-6 acetone extracts of mycelium at the concentration of 0.5 mg · mL^-1 inhibited hypha growth of both Botrytis cirerea and Exserohilum turcicum for more than 75 %. The fermentation filtrate of H-32 and the acetone extracts of mycelium of H-18,J-1 ,Y-17,G-6 at the concentration of 2.0 mg/ mL inhibited the Botrytis cinerea for more then 50 % on tomato in vivo. The results indicated that the antifungal activities of H-32, H-18 and G-6 were worth the further study.

关 键 词：大花金挖耳 内生菌 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：Q93-331[生物学—微生物学]