微波对土壤微生物及其群落功能多样性的影响  

Effects of Microwave Sterilization on Soil Microbe and Microbial Community functional Diversity

作　　者：盖志武[1] 孙立娜[2] 魏丹[2] 汪春蕾[2] 杨国建[2] 林忠英[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]东北林业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2007年第3期73-77,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国博士后基金项目(2005038204);黑龙江省博士后基金项目(LBHZ05095);东北林业大学创新项目(东林人字200517)

摘　　要：土壤消毒处理是一种被广泛采用的积极有效的防治温室病虫草害的方法。目前普遍采用的甲基溴等化学试剂熏蒸方法对人类健康和自然生态环境造成深远持久的危害。为解决这些问题,对微波消毒土壤进行了探索。采用不同功率的微波辐射进行土壤消毒处理,并与常规加热处理效果对比。对处理后的土样采用平板计数及BIOLOG微生物自动分析系统分析其微生物的杀灭效果及群落结构功能的变化。结果表明,微波辐射处理具有杀菌率高,对生态环境无任何污染、不会产生抗药性、无任何残留等优点;可以有效地杀灭土壤中的微生物和草籽,控制病虫草害;可以显著影响微生物群落结构多样性和功能多样性,在同样的处理温度下,不同功率的微波辐射效果差异较大,与常规加热处理效果也不同,存在明显的微波生物效应。大豆盆栽种植试验与微生物检测分析试验结果相符。Soil sterilization is a widely used effective way to eliminate crop diseases, insects and weeds in greenhouse. Steaming soil by the now commonly used methyl bromide or other chemistry pesticides can do great harm to human health and ecological environment in a long time. To solve these problems, a research on sterilizing soil by microwave at different power levels was conducted with normal heating treatment as contract. The populations of cultivated bacteria were counted by diluted plate and soil microbial community structure and diversity were analyzed by BIOLOG system. Experimental results showed that microwave sterilize soil effectively with no pollution to ecological environment and no drug-tolerant or residual effects, and also affected the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities greatly. Microwave sterilization at different power levels and normal heat treatment showed different effects. The above results were also proved by planting soybean in pots.

关 键 词：土壤消毒 微波 BIOLOG 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]