蜈蚣草的超微结构和砷、钙的亚细胞分布  

Ultrastructure and subcellular distributions of arsenic and calcium in Pteris vittata L.

作　　者：廖晓勇[1] 谢华[1] 陈同斌[1] 肖细元[1] 阎秀兰[1] 翟丽梅[1] 武斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所环境修复中心,北京100101

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2007年第2期305-312,共8页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金(40325003)资助

摘　　要：本文对砷和钙处理下蜈蚣草羽叶中砷、钙的亚细胞分布、超微结构变化及钙定位进行了研究。无砷处理下,各亚细胞组分中砷的分布为:细胞壁>胞质>细胞器。0.2 mmol/L砷处理下,羽叶各亚细胞组分中砷的分布为:胞质>>细胞壁>细胞器。不同处理下,各亚细胞组分中钙含量变化规律相似:细胞壁最高,胞质其次,而细胞器远低于前两者。5 mmol/L钙处理对蜈蚣草羽叶细胞超微结构产生破坏,使细胞出现明显的质壁分离。在高砷高钙环境中,钙可能会增强砷对蜈蚣草的毒害效应,导致羽叶细胞的超微结构受到破坏。The purpose of this research was to understand the effects of As and Ca concentrations （As ： 0 and 0.2 mmol/ L; Ca： 0.03 and 5 mmol/L） on cellular ultrastructure, Ca localization and elemental subcellular distributions in Pteris vittata L., an As-hyperaccumulator. When the plants were grown in a nutrient solution without additional As, the As concentration in each fraction decreased in the following pattern： cell wall 〉 cyplasmic supernatant 〉 cell organelle. However, most of the As was localized in the cytoplasmic fraction of the pinna in plants treated with 0.2 mmol/L As. The results suggested that the plant cell of pinna had been capable of self-improvement when it was intimidated by arsenic. In all the treatments, subcellular distribution of Ca present similarly as： cell wall 〉 cytoplasmic supernatant 〉 〉 organelle. When the plant was grown in a nutrient solution with 5 mmol/L of Ca, the cellular uhrastrncture was damaged and plasmolysis was appeared. As toxicity to the plant was strengthened by high addition of Ca, therefore the cellular ul- trastrncture was heavily damaged and it resulted in a decrease of As accumulation by the plant.

关 键 词：砷 钙 亚细胞 超微结构 超富集植物 蜈蚣草 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]