基于机器视觉的高精度顶桥施工位姿测量系统  

High-accuracy measuring system for position and attitude in pushing-bridge construction based on machine vision

作　　者：李超[1] 李运华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2007年第3期322-326,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金资助项目(3052011)

摘　　要：分析了现有的顶桥施工中位姿测量系统的特点,指出其目前存在的主要问题.针对这些问题和现场需求,基于计算机视觉反馈理论,设计了一种由CCD传感器、激光准直仪和倾角传感器组成的新型高精度光电测量系统.在建立了相关数学模型的基础上,搭建了硬件系统,给出了视频采集、图像处理和多串口通信等关键技术的具体实现方法,完成了各功能模块的软件开发.该测量系统具有精度高、实时性好、操作简单、维护方便和成本低廉的优点,能够替代以往效率低下的人工测量方式,而且其实现方法为其他大型施工测量系统的设计提供了新技术.The feature of the present measuring system for position and attitude in pushing-bridge construction was analyzed and the system＇s primary problems were specified. Directed by all the problems and on-site requirements, a kind of photoelectric measuring system composed of CCD sensors, laser collimator and inclinometer was developed based on computer visual feedback. After the system＇ s mathematical model has been built, the hardware work station was finished. In the process of software functional modules＇ development, such key technologies as video acquisition, image processing and the implementation of multiple serial ports＇ communication were introduced in detail. Characterized by high accuracy, real-time, simple operation, convenient maintenance and low cost, the measuring system can substitute for the past manual measuring operation. Furthermore, the system＇ s implementation also provides new technology for the design of other largescale construction＇ s measuring systems.

关 键 词：位置测量 计算机视觉 图像处理 

分 类 号：TP23[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]