降雨径流时农田沟渠水体中氮、磷迁移转化规律研究  

Fate of nitrogen and phosphorus in agriculture drainage ditch during rainfall and runoff

作　　者：徐红灯[1,2] 王京刚[1] 席北斗[3] 翟丽华[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学环境工程系 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [3]中国环境科学研究院 [4]清华大学环境科学与工程系

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2007年第1期18-21,共4页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家"973"计划资助项目(No.9732002CB412303;No.9732005CB724203)。

摘　　要：为有效阻控降雨条件下农田土壤流失氮、磷通过沟渠进入水体,通过对降雨时农田排水沟渠系统中总氮、总磷的测定和分析,研究降雨径流下沟渠系统水体中氮、磷的迁移转化规律和时空分布。结果表明,农田排水沟渠系统本身不太稳定,在外界条件(降雨)的作用下可以引起一系列的变化,同时农田排水沟渠系统又具有抗冲击可修复能力,可以使氮、磷的各项转化作用恢复。该特征使得总氮、总磷在沿程迁移过程中表现出一定的变化规律总氮浓度沿程呈3次多项式曲线变化,总磷浓度整体呈指数递减变化;同时各断面的总氮、总磷自身转化也有其降解规律,总氮和总磷浓度随时间均呈3次多项式曲线变化。Total nitrogen and total phosphorus （TN and TP） of water in the agriculture drainage ditch of an agricultural field in Jiaxing, Zhejiang were measured and analyzed during rainfall and runoff. To help preventing significant losses of N and P species from the field, the transport and transformation （fate） of TN and TP in the ditch water were also studied. TN and TP of the ditch water were unstable, changing with rainfall and the subsequent runoff （measured for 5 days） ; however, the ditch system provided a large buffering capacity against rapid change and also allowed fast recovery following the shock loading conditions. Spatial distribution of TN concentration of water in the agriculture drainage ditch followed a cubic equation while the corresponding TP concentration decreased exponentially in general. Variations of TN and TP with time were also well represented by appropriate cubic equations, peak TN was noted 3-4 days after the rainfall while peak TP was found earlier on the second day.

关 键 词：氮磷 农田排水沟渠 迁移转化 降雨径流 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]