植物磷酸运转器的结构与功能研究进展  

Function and structure of phosphate translocator in plant

作　　者：郑炳松[1] 黄有军[1] 王正加[1] 褚怀亮[1] 黄坚钦[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江林学院林业与生物技术学院,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《浙江林学院学报》2007年第2期225-230,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y305314);浙江省留学回国基金资助项目(2261000026)

摘　　要：磷酸运转器作为调节植物光合产物运转的关键蛋白之一,一直是光合作用研究的重要内容,且多集中在对其运转的生理生化功能的研究。总结了不同类型植物的质体中磷酸运转器的基因结构及其特性,同时也比较了它们的功能。磷酸运转器由核DNA编码,分子量约为36 000 D。不同的磷酸运转器起源于同一祖先,后相续进化而形成。同一植物不同的基因编码不同的磷酸运转器。C3植物的磷酸运转器调节磷酸(Pi)、磷酸二羟丙酮(DHAP)和3-磷酸甘油酸(3PGA)之间的反向交换运输,而2-磷酸甘油酸(2PGA)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸(PEP)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸(G6P)很少或根本不被运输。C4和CAM植物叶绿体中的磷酸运转器除了上面提到的代谢物以外还运输PEP,植物根质体中磷酸运转器也运输G6P。植物同一片叶子不同的细胞具有不同的叶绿体磷酸运转器。As one of the key protein regulating translocation of photosynthetic products, the phosphate translocator （PT） is an important part in the photosynthesis research, especially focused on its physiological and biochemical function. This report gives an introduction of the gene structure and characteristics of the phosphate translocators, and also gives a comparison of the specificity of the phosphate translocators in various plastids. The phosphate translocator （molecular weight 36 kD） is encoded by nuclear DNA. The different translocators are derived from a common ancestor and are subsequently diversified. In a single plant, different genes encode different phosphate translocators. Whereas the phosphate translocator of the C3 plant mediates a counter exchange between inorganic phosphate （Pi）, dihydroxyaeetone phosphate （DHAP）, and 3-phosphoglycerate （3PGA）, but seldom or not between 2-phosphoglycerate （ 2PGA ）, phosphoenolpyruvate （ PEP）, and glucose 6-phosphate （ G6P ）, the phosphate translocators in chloroplasts from C4 and CAM plants transport PEP in addition to the above mentioned three metabolites. In plastids from plant roots, the phosphate translocator also transports. There are different chloroplast phosphate translocators in different cells of one leaf. [ Ch, 1 tab. 36 ref. ]

关 键 词：植物生理学 质体 磷酸运转器 综述 C3植物 C4和CAM植物 

分 类 号：S718.4[农业科学—林学] Q945[生物学—植物学]