中国成年人家务劳动现状  

Household Work Pattern of Adults in China

作　　者：刘爱玲[1] 崔朝辉[1] 胡小琪[1] 孔灵芝[2] 杨晓光[1] 马冠生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所学生营养室,北京100050 [2]卫生部疾病控制司慢性非传染病控制处,北京100044

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2007年第2期84-87,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：卫生部专项经费基金资助(2001DEA30035);科技部重大专项基金资助(2003DIA6N008)

摘　　要：目的分析我国成年人家务劳动状况,为制定有关措施、提高居民身体活动水平提供有关依据。方法使用“2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查”中“一年回顾性身体活动调查表”收集的资料,对我国18岁及以上居民54292人(男性25694人,女性28598人)的家务劳动情况进行分析。结果我国成年居民做家务的比例为78.9%,女性(96.5%)明显高于男性(59.1%),城市(81.3%)略高于农村(78.0%),18岁～、45岁～和60岁～组相差不大(78.8%,80.2%,77.7%)。成年居民平均每天做家务的时间为124min,女性(190min)明显高于男性(49min),城乡差别不大(116、127min),3个年龄组成年居民平均每天做家务的时间分别为123、129、115min。各项家务中以做饭所占比重最大(69min/d)。做家务的居民平均每天做家务时间为144min。结论女性做家务的比例和时间均高于男性,城乡、年龄间差别不大。应鼓励男性居民积极参加家务劳动,以提高他们的身体活动水平。Objective To describe the household work pattern of adult people in China. Methods The study was based on the data collected by ＂physical activity questionnaire＂ in ＂2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey＂, 54 292 subjects aged 18 years and over （male 25 694, female 28 598 respectively） was involved. Results 78.9% of adults in China was involved in household work. The percentage of household work among female was significant higher than that among male （96.5% vs 59.1%）. More urban population did household work compared with rural population （81.3%, 78.0%）. People aged 18yr-,45yr- and 60yr- had similar percentage of household work involvement （78.8%, 80.2%, 77.7%）. The mean of household work time was 124 rain/d, which was also higher in female than in male （190 min/d vs 49 min/d）. People in urban area spent slightly less time on household work than their counterparts （116 min vs 127 min）. Cooking contributed the most to the total time of household work. The average time on household work among people involved in it was 144 min/d. Conclusion More female involved in household work than male. Male should be encouraged to spend more time on household work to promote their physical activity level.

关 键 词：家务劳动服务 城市 农村人口 中国 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]