国家助学贷款制度:绩效、缺陷与可持续发展  

Achievements, Defects and Sustainable Development of Government-Subsidized Student Loan System in China

作　　者：黄维[1] 沈红[2] 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学管理学院 [2]华中科技大学教育科学研究院

出　　处：《教育研究》2007年第4期10-17,共8页Educational Research

基　　金：湖南省社会科学基金一般项目"湖南助学贷款可持续发展与高校贫困生资助体系重构研究"(项目编号:06YB81);湖南省教育科学"十一五"规划一般课题"湖南助学贷款可持续发展研究:金融资源论视角"(课题批准号:XJK06CJG002)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：国家助学贷款制度的产生与发育过程,是与我国高等教育体制、财政金融体制改革相互交织的渐进实现过程。对照可持续发展的适应性、稳定性与效率性三大标准,国家助学贷款制度基本上适应了我国高等教育转型的需要,其制度绩效是比较显著的,但也存在明显的制度缺陷。为了确保有限的国家助学贷款从有限的供给渠道和组织网络流向数以百万计的高校贫困生,并在供需平衡的基础上实现高等教育成本分担,我国政府需要构造基于“功能观”的可持续发展路径,即从国家助学贷款制度所处的系统环境和经济目标出发,根据成本与收益原则,选择国家助学贷款所需要的金融形态和功能实现机制。The course of emergence and growth of government-subsidized student loan system is a gradually realizing course mutually interlaced with the reform of Chinese higher educational system and financial system. According to the three norms of sustainable development which are suitability, stability and efficiency, the government-subsidized student loan system basically adapts the demand of our higher education transformation, whose achievements are outstanding. However, there are obvious defects with the system. In order to ensure the limited government-subsidized student loan to be offered to millions of university poverty students through limited supply channel and organizational network and realize the sharing of higher educational costs based on the supply-demand balance, our government needs to constitute sustainable development routes based on functional ＂outlook＂. That is, starting from the system environment and economic objective of the government-subsidized student loan system, according to the cost and income principle, the financial form and functional realization mechanism required by the government-subsidized student loan system should be selected.

关 键 词：国家助学贷款 制度绩效 制度缺陷 可持续发展 

分 类 号：G647.5[文化科学—高等教育学] F832.4[文化科学—教育学]