粮饲兼用玉米“双高”栽培物质生产特性及营养品质的研究  

Study on Characteristics of Matter Production and Nutritive Quality of Grain-forage Maize in Double-high Yield Cultivation

作　　者：王志刚[1] 高聚林[1] 王俊[1] 孙继颖[1] 赵明[2] 董志强[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010019 [2]中国农业科学院,北京100081

出　　处：《玉米科学》2007年第2期82-87,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：北京农业育种基础研究创新平台项目;教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET040264);内蒙古自然科学基金(200408020302)

摘　　要：以粮饲兼用品种农大3138和农大108为材料,在对玉米的物质生产特性和营养品质进行研究的基础上,提出了粮饲兼用玉米“双高”栽培的概念。由肥密调控试验得出结论:选择子粒产量高、保绿性好的粮饲兼用品种,施肥量为纯N262.5～375kg/hm2、P2O5105～150kg/hm2、K2O157.5～225kg/hm2,密度在75000～82500株/hm2范围内,可实现“双高”及优质。“双高”栽培条件下,玉米全生育期最大LAI在4.21～5.66,且成熟期叶面积指数大于3;群体总光合势355.5×104～497.9×104m2·d/hm2;收获期干物质在雌穗中的分配量占全株的50%～60%,全株含水量65%～70%,适宜进行青贮。A conception named ＂double-high yield＂ cultivation of gain-forage maize was put forward based on studying the characteristics of matter production and nutritive quality of maize in this research. Two grain-forage maize breeds-ND3138 and ND108 were used in this experiment and the fertilization and the density of maize colony were adjusted for the objective of double-high yield. From the result of this experiment, we could conclude that the ＂double-high yield＂ and high nutritiye quality cultivation could be achieved by choosing high grain-yield and excellent stay-green breeds of grain-forage maize, fertilizing N 262.5 - 375 kg/ha, P205 105 - 150 kg/ha, K20 157.5 - 225 kg/ha and growing density in 75 000 - 82 500 plants/ha. Under the ＂double-high yield＂ cultivated condition, the maximum of LAI in whole growth period of maize was from 4.21 to 5.66 and the value in mature period was above 3, the total LAD of colony achieved 355.5 × 10^4 - 497.9 × 10^4 m^2·d/ha, in harvesting stage, 50% - 60% dry matter of one plant was in ear and the water content of whole plant was from 65% to 70%, this value was suitable for ensilage.

关 键 词：玉米 双高栽培 营养品质 

分 类 号：S513.048[农业科学—作物学]