自乳化阴离子型水性聚氨酯的合成研究  

Study on Synthesis of Anionic Waterborne Polyurethanes by Self-Emulsification

作　　者：王久芬[1] 陈孝飞[1] 陈小春[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化学与环境学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《中北大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第2期143-147,共5页Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省回国留学人员基金项目(10110)

摘　　要：以聚乙二醇和过量的2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯为原料进行预聚反应,合成含异氰酸酯端基的预聚体,再以二羟甲基丙酸为亲水剂,进行扩链反应,制备了水性聚氨酯.研究了合成水性聚氨酯的配方和工艺条件,对系统的总体-NCO/-OH比值作了研究比较.研究了亲水基团的含量,中和剂的用量和中和度等因素对水性聚氨酯性能的影响.此外,还用甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯对水性聚氨酯进行了改性研究.在聚氨酯大分子链上引入离子基团,使其实现自乳化,得到了贮存稳定性良好的自乳化阴离子型聚氨酯水分散体系.得出合成水性聚氨酯配方为:总体-NCO/-OH=1.3/1,预聚体-NCO/-OH=3.5/1,中和度为80%,甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯与水性聚氨酯的体积比为60/40.Isocyanato-terminated prepolymer was prepared by using polyethylene glycol （PEG） and toluene diisocyanate（TDI）, and using dimetholpropionic acid（DMPA） as hydrophilic agent, waterborne polyurethanes were synthesized by cross-linking reaction. The formula and technology of waterborne polyurethanes were studied, and the effects of hydrophilic group concentration, neutralizing agent concentration and neutralizing value on properties of waterborne polyurethanes also were investigated. Finally, waterborne polyurethanes were modified with dimetholethyl ester. Ionic groups were introduced into the chain of polyurethanes so that it could be self-emulsified. The formula of synthesized waterborne polyurethanes with better storage stability were that： total ratio of -NCO to -OH, the ratio of -NCO to-OH, neutralizing degree, and volume ratio of dimetholethyl ester to waterborne polyurethanes were 1.3/1, 3.5/1, 80%, 60/40, respectively.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 合成 自乳化 阴离子型 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]