从高等教育入学机会的分配标准透视教育公平问题——对新中国50年普通高校招生政策的历史回顾  

Perspectives on the issue of educational equity through the distribution criterion of higher education access opportunity——Review higher education admission policy since 1949

作　　者：杜瑞军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育管理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2007年第4期29-35,共7页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(04JZD0023)

摘　　要：教育公平问题归根结底是一个权利、机会等资源的分配和再分配问题,其中分配标准是关键。不同的分配标准,决定了不同人群的现实处境。回顾新中国成立以来的高校招生政策,我国高等教育入学机会的分配标准经历了由新中国成立初期的学术和政治的双重标准,到教育“革命”时期政治标准被突出强调,“文革”后学术标准被重新确立,进而到当前经济实力成为影响机会分配的重要因素的变革历程。The issues of educational equity in which the distribution criterion is key role are exactly the distribution or redistribution of educational resources such as rights, opportunities etc. Different distribution criterion will result in different status. The paper indicated through reviewing the higher education admission policy since 1949 that distribution criterion of higher education access opportunity had been experiencing three stages. Firstly, ＂academic capability＂ together with identity was been highlighted. Secondly, the criterion focus on the class origin and political activity and thirdly, academic capability as an important criterion was been reestablished, and ＂economic support capability＂ had becoming an important factor in current time.

关 键 词：高等教育 教育公平 高校招生政策 

分 类 号：G649.29[文化科学—高等教育学]