汽车碰撞护栏事故再现方法  

A METHOD OF CAR-HIGHWAY BARRIER CRASH ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION

作　　者：申杰[1] 金先龙[1] 陈建国[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240 [2]司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所,上海200063

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2007年第5期38-40,48,共4页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：本课题得到国家自然科学基金(60174023);教育部博士点基金(20010248008)资助

摘　　要：为了应对大量的汽车碰撞护栏事故,提出了基于CRASH3碰撞模型的事故再现方法。该方法根据护栏的刚度特性,以车辆和护栏的残余变形量为输入,计算车辆的碰撞前速度,因此具有很强的可操作性。研究主要针对一款常见的高速公路波形梁护栏,通过对汽车冲击作用下的护栏进行有限元分析,研究了该款高速公路护栏的动力特征。研究发现在大多数情况下,随着变形量的增加,护栏受力几乎呈线性上升,基本符合CRASH3的线性假设。最后,应用上述方法,再现一起真实的汽车-护栏碰撞事故,将得到的碰撞前车速与PC-CRASH结果进行比较,初步证明了该方法的可行性。A new method of car-highway barrier crash accident reconstruction is presented based on CRASH3 damage algorithm.Because the stiffness of a barrier is easy to obtain,the stiffness coefficients of a vehicle determined by this method is based on residual crush and the velocity before impact is calculated with change of kinetic energy.Also,a detailed FE model of a typical type of highway guardrail is established.Using this model,the dynamic characteristics of this guardrail under vehicle impact are investigated.It's found that the normal contact force between the vehicle and the barrier can be a linear function of the residual crush in most conditions,but the linear relation for the tangential force can only be satisfied in some conditions.Finally,the above-mentioned method is applied to a real-world accident.Compared with PC-CRASH,this method is proved to be feasible for accident reconstruction.

关 键 词：事故再现 计算机仿真 高速公路护栏 

分 类 号：U491.3[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] TP391.9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]