近独立子系系统的统计规律(一)——二维系统统计规律的计算机模拟  

The statistical law of the nearly independent particle system①——Computer simulation of the statistical law of 2D nearly independent particle system

作　　者：彭钢[1] 李洪芳[1] 钟万蘅[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学物理系,上海200433

出　　处：《大学物理》2007年第5期7-11,共5页College Physics

基　　金：国家物理学基础科学研究人才培养基地资助项目

摘　　要：利用刚球模型,根据力学规律,对二维近独立子系系统粒子的运动进行了计算机模拟;模拟中,在不同时刻对系统中各粒子的能量和速率进行多次测量,并对测量结果进行统计平均,得到了粒子数不同的力学系统中粒子按能量和速率的分布图;根据所得的分布图形曲线,给出了任意数目的粒子系统的统一的分布函数.从而完全证明了少量粒子构成的力学系统,其长时间行为也具有确定的统计规律.Based on the model of hard sphere, the computer simulation of particles of the two-dimensional nearly independent particle system is reported in accordance with mechanical laws. In the simulation, multi-measurement are taken on the energy and speed of particles of the system at different time. The statistical average is performed over the results of measurements. The distribution diagrams of particles against their energy and speed in the mechanical system, with different number of particles, are obtained, and hence the universal distribution function is acquired. This completely proves that the long-term behavior of mechanical system that consists of a few particles has definite statistical law.

关 键 词：近独立子系 统计规律 计算机模拟 麦克斯韦分布 

分 类 号：O414.2[理学—理论物理]