近50年长江口的主要有机污染的记录  

EVOLUTION OF ORGANIC POLLUTION IN THE CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY IN THE PAST FIFTY YEARS

作　　者：孔定江[1] 李道季[1] 吴莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学 河口海岸国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2007年第2期94-103,共10页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目:2002CB412405

摘　　要：本文通过近50年来我国长江口及长江流域有机物污染物的研究记录和成果和国内外其它重要河口海域的资料进行对比分析,认为人类近50年的活动对长江口已造成了比较严重的有机污染。本世纪初长江干流中检出的有机污染物达308种。从上世纪50年代到80年代初长江口的有机氯农药污染呈逐年上升趋势,之后开始下降,但至今还对生态系统造成影响。同时,与上世纪80年代相比,上个世纪90年代长江口的多氯联苯(PCBs)污染要来得重。在上世纪50年代和60年代在我国沿海均已出现油污染,并在上世纪90年左右最为严重,虽然从上世纪90年代中期开始呈下降趋势。长江口多环环芳烃(PAHs)污染在上世纪70年代很少,但随着长江流域工业的发展,从上世纪80年代开始加重,到上世纪90年代中期才开始下降。Anthropogenic activties have caused heavier organic poliution in the Changjiang River Estuary since the past fifty years. There were about 308 categories of organic pollutants examined in the estuary in the earlier years of this century. The pollutant levels of Hexachloro-cyclohexanes （HCHs） and Dichloro-diphenyl trichloroethanes （DDTs） appeared to increase during the 1960s to the 1980s, and then began to decrease after that time, which approximately corresponded to their production and application history. Some organochlorine pesticides （OCPs） are still dangerous to the ecosystem health of the Changjiang River Estuary now. Compared with the situation in the 1980s, the pollution of polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） was more serious in the Changjiang River Estuary in the 1990s. Oil pollution had already appeard along China coasts during the 1950s to the 1960s and its concentration peak in the Changjiang River Estuary appeared in 1990, and then decreased from the middle of the 1990s. The pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in the Changjiang River Estuary was very light before the 1980s; however, with the speedy industrial development in the Changjiang drainage basin from the 1980s, it entered in an aggravation period until the middle of the 1990s.

关 键 词：有机污染 有机氯 石油类 多环芳烃 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]