低温降解苯胺高效菌群的筛选及特性研究  

Screening and characterization of an aniline-degrading flora with high efficiency at low temperature

作　　者：马放[1] 山丹[1] 王晨[1] 韩瑜[1] 苏荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院黑龙江省环境生物技术重点实验室,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2007年第5期7-10,共4页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家"973"重点基础研究发展规划项目(2004CB185050);黑龙江省重大科技攻关资助项目(GB05C202)

摘　　要：在低温下对吉林化工厂污水处理厂曝气池活性污泥、低温生活污水处理系统曝气池活性污泥、实验室菌种库保存的高效菌剂以及以上三者的混合样等4种样品进行了变温培养、驯化,筛选到一组低温降解苯胺高效菌群——吉化污泥.该菌群对苯胺初始浓度不高于800 mg/L驯化培养基中苯胺的降解率可以达到100%,当初始苯胺浓度升到1000 mg/L时,去除率也能保持在60%以上;菌胶团形成能力较强,菌胶团形成指数达到21.2%;并且在高岭土絮凝试验中表现出很强的生物絮凝能力.该菌群的生长温度范围为5-35℃,最适培养温度15℃,属于耐冷菌群.适合作为生物强化菌剂投加到低温苯胺类废水生物处理系统中,提高处理系统的净化能力.葡萄糖作为共代谢基质对低温苯胺生物降解有促进作用,而无机氮源作用不明显.An aniline-degrading flora, Jihua sludge, which has high efficiency at low temperature, was eniched by alternating temperature culture and domestication from four different samples. They are active sludge of aeration tank from wastewater treatment plant of Jilin Chemical Plant, active sludge of aeration tank from domestic wastewater treatment plant which applied at low temperature, high-efficiency bactera preserved by laboratory and the mixture stain of them, The removal rate of aniline by Jihua sludge could achieve 100% when the initial concentration of aniline was lower than 800 mg/L, and it could also maintain 60% even the initial concentration of aniline was 1000 mg/L. This flora prossesses high flocculating capability, and the index of flocculation （IF） is 21.2%. Growth occurs at temperatures ranging 5 to 35℃ with an optimal of 15℃, indicating that it is a psychrotroph flora. It may act as a bioaugmetation flora added to low temperature wastewater treatment plant containing aniline for improving the performance of the treatment plant. As a co-metabolism substrate, glucose takes a good effect on aniline biodegradation at low temperature.

关 键 词：低温 苯胺 高效菌群 筛选 特性研究 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]