从人治到法治——论柏拉图政治法律思想的转变  

From Government by Philosophers to Rule by Law——A Commentary on the Transformation of Plato' Legal Thought

作　　者：咸鸿昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,武汉湖北430060

出　　处：《临沂师范学院学报》2007年第2期17-21,共5页Journal of Linyi Teachers' College

摘　　要：柏拉图以理念论为基础,从抽象的人性出发,提出了人性正义的理论,并用逻辑推理的方法,将人性的正义等同于国家的正义。他以法律概念的二元论为依据,提出了人治乌托邦的理论。在政治实践受挫后,他又发展了自己的法律理论,走向了法律概念的一元论,提出了法治乌托邦的理论,最终实现了法律理论的转变。柏拉图的人治乌托邦和法治乌托邦在最终目的上是统一的,即实现国家正义,在逻辑上也是相通的。他的法治理论奠定了西方法治思想的价值基础,对后世产生了深远的影响。On the basis of idealism, Plato drew his theory of human justice after analyzing human nature and used it to the justice of the state, Based on his dualism of law conception, he put forward his first Utopia, which was governed by philosophesr, After the downfall of his ideal, Plato developed his legal theory and came to the monism of law conception. He put forward a second Utopia which was governed by law, and finished the transformation of his legal thought. Both Utopias of Plato were not contradict to each other, which has been well thought of by some people. Plato＇s legal thought has laid the foundation for the western legal thought of rule of law,

关 键 词：理念论 正义 人治 法治 乌托邦 

分 类 号：B502.232[哲学宗教—外国哲学]