Genetic Variation of Mitochondrial D-loop Region and Evolution Analysis in Some Chinese Cattle Breeds  

中国部分地方黄牛品种线粒体D-loop区的遗传变异与进化分析(英文)

作　　者：贾善刚[1] 陈宏[1,2] 张桂香[3] 王志刚[3] 雷初朝[1] 姚茹[4] 韩旭[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西省农业分子生物学重点实验室,杨凌712100 [2]徐州师范大学细胞与分子生物学研究所,北京100094 [3]全国畜牧兽医总站畜禽牧草种质资源保存利用中心,济南250014 [4]山东师范大学教科院心理系

出　　处：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》2007年第6期510-518,共9页遗传学报（英文版）

基　　金：This work was supported by the Project of Measurement of Genetic Distances Among Chinese Indigenous Bovine Breeds(Agri-culture Finance Department[2002]No.9).In:Program of Preservation and Utilization for Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Forestry Germplasm Resources,Ministry of Agriculture.

摘　　要：The complete mitochondrial D-loop region from 123 individuals in 12 Chinese cattle breeds and two individuals in Germany Yellow cattle breed was sequenced and analyzed. The results were shown as follows： 93 variations and 57 haplotypes were detected, and the average number of nucleotide difference was 22.708, nucleotide diversity （π） was 0.0251 ± 0.00479, and haplotype diversity （Hd） was 0.888 ± 0.026, indicating very high genetic diversity in Chinese cattle breeds. In the Neighbor-Joining tree, 13 cattle breeds were divided into two main clades, Bos taurus and Bos indicus; new Clade Ill had only one sequence from Apeijiaza cattle breed in Tibet, which was similar to that of yak at a higher level than other cattle breeds, proving the introgression of genes from the yak. The proportions of Bos taurus and Bos indicus were 64.3 % and 35.7 % respectively in Xigaze Humped cattle breed, and 50.0% and 50.0% respectively in Apeijiaza cattle breed, which revealed that Tibet cattle included Bos indicus haplotypes. The importance of Yunnan cattle in the origin of Chinese cattle was also confirmed based on their abundant haplotypes. Then, a very special haplotype il discovered in 27 Chinese cattle breeds, including 11 breeds in this study and 16 breeds in the GenBank, played the role of a nucleus in Chinese zebu and was further discussed. At the same time, the construction of Chinese zebu core group based on haplotype il validated the distinct origin of Bos indicus in Tibet, which was different from that of the other cattle breeds with zebu haplotypes in China.测定了13个黄牛品种125个个体的线粒体D-loop区段的全序列,包括12个中国地方黄牛品种的123个个体和德国黄牛2个个体,并进行了分析。结果显示,共检测到93个变异位点,57个单倍型,平均核苷酸差异(average number ofnucleotide differences,k)为22.708,核苷酸多样度(nucleotide diversity,π)为0.0251±0.00479,单倍型多样度(haplotypediversity,Hd)为0.888±0.026,表明我国黄牛品种遗传多样性非常丰富。构建的Neighbor-Joining进化树显示这13个品种主要分成两大类型:普通牛和瘤牛;新发现的特殊类型Ⅲ只有一个西藏阿沛甲咂牛的个体,它与牦牛D-loop序列最相近,证明西藏地区的黄牛与牦牛之间存在基因渗入现象。普通牛和瘤牛在日喀则驼峰牛中占的比例分别是64.3%和35.7%,在阿沛甲咂牛中占的比例分别是50.0%和50.0%,证明了西藏的黄牛也有瘤牛类型。云南牛品种的单倍型非常丰富证明了云南在中国黄牛起源上的重要地位;在27个中国黄牛品种中(本研究11个品种以及GenBank上的16个品种)找到了中国瘤牛的核心单倍型i1,并且对它进行了讨论。同时证明了西藏瘤牛独立于中国瘤牛核心类群的特殊性。

关 键 词：ORIGIN evolution CATTLE mitochondrial D-loop genetic diversity 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学] Q953[农业科学—畜牧兽医]