航天诱变凤仙花SP_2的细胞学观察  

Cytology Observation in SP_2 Generation Impatiens balsamina Induced by Space Flight

作　　者：王祖秀[1] 汤泽生[1] 杨军[2] 刘平 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637002 [2]西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所,四川南充637002 [3]四川省南充市航天农业有限公司,四川南充637000

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2007年第2期117-120,共4页Journal of China West Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：四川省应用基础研究基金资助项目(JY029-055-2);四川省重点学科建设项目资助(SZD0420)

摘　　要：对来自航天诱变凤仙花突变体院-3的子代(SP2)的减数分裂行为进行了研究.对13株子代(SP2)的细胞学观察发现,减数分裂中期Ⅰ均为7个二价体(7Ⅱ),表明SP1减数分裂的不均等分离未能导致SP2非整倍体变异.并首次发现SP2小孢子在发育早期以“凹陷式“和“出芽式”分裂形成小花粉粒.分析认为:SP1减数分裂中的不均等分离和多极分离的主要原因是由航天条件下多种因素造成的生理损伤所致,是不遗传的.“凹陷式”和“出芽式”分裂是SP2花粉败育的主要原因.该分裂方式可能与基因突变有关.The meiotic behavior in SP2 generation from Impatiens balsamina Yuan- 3 induced by space flight has been investigated in this study. It was found that all the observed 13 plants showed 7 bivalent （7 Ⅱ ） in meiotic metaphase Ⅱ, suggesting the unequal segregation of meiosis in SP1 plants could not result the aneuploid variation in SP2 generation. The divided types were observed first dividing in the way of ＂cavatus＂ and ＂budding＂ at early stage of microspore development to form small pollen grains. It is thought that the main reason of unequal segregation and poly-pole segregation of meiosis in SP1 was resulted from various physiological damages by space flight factors, which was not hereditary. The division of ＂cavatus＂ and ＂budding＂ is the main reason to produce sterile pollen grains in SP2, and the division type may relate to gene mutation.

关 键 词：凤仙花 航天诱变 SP2 减数分裂 小孢子发育 花粉败育 

分 类 号：S681.1[农业科学—观赏园艺]