石油降解菌的筛选、鉴定及菌群构建  

Screen and identification of oil degrading bacteria and community construction

作　　者：李宝明[1] 阮志勇[1] 姜瑞波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/中国农业微生物菌种保藏管理中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2007年第3期68-72,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台工作项目(2004DKA30560)支持

摘　　要：从胜利油田石油污染土壤中富集、分离得到236株能以石油作为唯一碳源和能源的石油降解菌株;采用选择性培养基进行复筛得到直链烷烃降解菌31株、环烷烃降解菌28株、芳烃降解菌3株以及表面活性剂产生菌24株;从3种不同烃类降解菌和表面活性剂产生菌中选择菌株,构建石油降解微生物菌群,结果表明,由菌株SL-51、SL-84、SL-133和SL-163组成的菌群C9降解石油能力最强,菌群C9在含原油浓度为0.5%的无机盐培养液中,5 d内原油的降解率达到了55.5%;气相色谱分析结果证明,菌群C9能有效降解原油中的饱和烃和芳烃组分;通过16SrDNA序列分析,初步鉴定SL-51和SL-163属于红球菌属(Rhodococcus spp.),SL-84、SL-133两株菌分别属于苍白杆菌属(Ochrobactrum sp.)、铜绿假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)。Crude oil degrading bacteria which could utilige hydrocarbon compound as sole carbon source were isolated from ShengLi Oil Field. Among these bacteria, 31 strains could degrade hexadecane, 28 strains could degrade cyclohexane, 3 strains could degrade aromatic hydrocarbon and 24 stains produced biosurfactants; Oil degrading effect of bacterial community - C9 composed of strain SL- 51, SL- 84, SL- 133 and SL- 163 reached 55.5% in 5 days with oil concentration 0.5% ; Gas chromatography analysis proved that C9 degraded saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon effectively; Stain of SL- 51, SL- 163 were identified as Rhodococcus spp., strain of SL- 84 and SL- 133 were identified as Ochrobactnan sp. and Pseudomonas sp. respectively.

关 键 词：石油 降解菌 菌群构建 鉴定 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]