生物耐铜的分子机理及铜污染环境的生物联合修复  

Molecular mechanisms of copper tolerance and co-bioremediation of copper contaminated environment

作　　者：李杰[1,2] 贺纪正[3] 马延和[1] 朱永官[3] 张蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微生物研究所 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心

出　　处：《生态学报》2007年第6期2615-2626,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2004CB41850x)~~

摘　　要：铜是动植物和人类必需的微量元素,缺乏或过多都将产生不良影响。随着社会经济的发展,人类活动对环境的干扰日益加剧,工业和农业生产活动常可导致土壤铜污染,铜已成为土壤重金属污染的主要元素之一。总结了铜在植物体内的自发内稳态调节机制,在细菌和真菌体内的吸收、分布、解毒和调节因子,同时以蚯蚓为例简要阐述了土壤动物对铜的解毒机理;从分子生物学角度对重金属铜在生物体内的代谢机理及生物对环境中过量铜的联合修复研究进展进行了综述,以期为铜污染环境的植物、微生物和动物联合修复的分子机理研究提供借鉴。Copper is a well-known micro-nutrient that human, animals and plants need, and abnormal phenomena will be appeared under Cu deficient or toxic levels. Along with the fast economical development in China, industrial and agricultural events had resulted in severe soil Cu contamination, and Cu contamination in soil has now become one of the most serious problems. The paper gave a brief idea on mechanisms of copper metabolism in organisms at molecular level and the advances of co-bioremediation of copper contamination were also discussed. Copper homeostasis plays a key role in copper metabolism in organisms. Uptake, distribution, detoxification, and regulators of copper in plants, bacteria and fungi were highlighted. The molecular mechanism of copper detoxification in earthworm, a model animal to understand heavy metal detoxification in soil, was also briefly discussed. The understanding of copper homeostasis in plant, microbe and fauna might be helpful for research on molecular mechanism of bioremediation of Cu contaminated soils.

关 键 词：铜 解毒 分子机理 生物联合修复 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]